成都平原城市群2000-2019年土地利用变化及其生态环境效应

Land Use Change and Its Eco-environmental Effects in Urban Agglomeration of Chengdu Plain During 2000-2019

[目的]分析与测度快速城镇化背景下成都平原城市群土地利用变化及其对生态环境的影响,为优化该区域土地利用结构以及生态环境治理提供理论依据。[方法]以2000—2019年的成都平原城市群土地利用数据为基础,分析成都平原城市群的土地利用时空变化特征,并对该区域土地利用变化产生的生态效应进行定量分析。[结果](1)2000—2019年成都平原城市群土地利用变化面积呈现典型“四增两减”特征,其中增加和减少最多的分别为建设用地(增加1704.59 km^(2))和耕地(减少911.04 km^(2));此外,建设用地以及水域动态变化明显。(2)2000—2019年,林地是成都平原城市群最为重要的生态用地,其重要程度高达53.81%,而建设用地、水域、未利用地的生态价值重要性均未超过2%;在城市扩展状态下,耕地、林地、建设用地及草地4类用地变动对该区域生态影响较大,合计用地变动生态价值贡献率为94.76%。(3)在研究期间,成都平原城市群生态环境指数呈先降后升的特征。总的来看,该区域生态环境质量保持着动态稳定,2015年后呈现相对上升的趋势。[结论]政府应该管控土地利用方式,集约利用建设用地,保护耕地质量、数量,着重落实保护林草地政策,恢复和改善成都平原城市群生态环境,以便有效提升城市群发展的可持续性。

[Objective]Land use change and its impacts on the ecological environment of the urban agglomeration of Chengdu Plain under the influence of rapid urbanization were analyzed and measured in order to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing land use structure and ecological environment management in the region.[Methods]Based on land use data from 2000 to 2019,the characteristics of land use changes in space and time for the urban agglomeration of Chengdu Plain were analyzed.The ecological effects of land use changes were then analyzed quantitatively in the region.[Results]①The area of land use change in the urban agglomeration of Chengdu Plain from 2000 to 2019 showed typical characteristics of“four increases and two decreases”,of which the largest increase and decrease were construction land(an increase of 1704.59 km^(2))and cultivated land(decrease 911.04 km^(2)),respectively.In addition,the construction land and waters changed significantly over time.②During 2000—2019,forest land had been the most important ecological land in the urban agglomeration,and its importance was as high as 53.81%,while the importance of the ecological value of construction land,water area,and unused land did not exceed 2%.In the state of urban expansion under the following conditions,changes in the four types of land use of cultivated land,forest land,construction land,and grassland had a greater impact on the ecology of the region,and the total ecological value contribution rate of changes in land use was 94.76%.③The ecological environment index of the urban agglomeration during the study period showed a pattern of decreasing first and then increasing.In general,the quality of the ecological environment in the region remained dynamic and stable,showing a relatively upward trend after 2015.[Conclusion]The government should control land use patterns,make intensive use of construction land,protect the quality and quantity of cultivated land,focus on implementing policies to protect forests and grasslands,and restore and improve the ecological environment of the urban agglomeration of Chengdu Plain,so as to enhance the sustainability of urban agglomeration development effectively.