公序良俗原则司法适用的实践研究

Practical Research on the Judicial Application of the Principle of Public Order and Good Customs

公序良俗原则作为民法基本原则之一,在司法实践中发挥着重要的价值,但在司法适用中也出现了许多问题。在形式上该原则界定不清晰,表述不严谨;在方式上该原则的适用不规范,出现向一般条款逃逸和易受外部因素影响的问题。除此之外,该原则的类型化也不健全,具有本土类型化条件缺失和滞后性的问题。结合该原则的相关理论实践和域外经验可以进一步完善其司法适用。应当构筑该原则的本土化内涵与外延,统一相关表述、明晰内涵外延、充实本土化内容。同时,还应建立该原则司法适用的动态体系,完善立法体系,树立价值体系,明晰规范体系。除此之外,应从建立框架性类型化规制方法和引入价值补充两个方面健全该原则的类型化。

As one of the basic principles of civil law,the principle of public order and good customs plays an important role in judicial practice,but there are also many problems in judicial application.In terms of form,the principle is not clearly defined and the expression is not rigorous.In terms of way,the application of this principle is not standardized,which leads to the problems of escaping to the general terms and being vulnerable to external factors.In addition,the typology of the principle is not perfect,which has the problems of lack and lag of local typology conditions.Combined with the relevant theory,practice and extraterritorial experience of the principle,its judicial application can be further improved.We should construct the localization connotation and extension of the principle,unify relevant expressions,clarify the connotation and extension,and enrich the localization content.At the same time,we should also establish a dynamic system of judicial application of the principle,improve the legislative system,establish a value system and clarify the normative system.In addition,the typology of the principle should be improved from two aspects:establishing a framework type regulation method and introducing value supplement.