刑民交叉案件中刑事判决的适用机理及边界

The Applicable Mechanism and Boundary of Criminal Judgment in Cross and Criminal Cases

刑民交叉案件在判决效力、程序衔接处理等方面存在诸多难题,成为学界与实务界一直以来重点关注的领域之一。从现行法律规范来看,在先刑事判决在后诉民事案件中的效力的正当性基础经历了由既判力向公文书证明力的演变。此外,决定刑事判决对后续民事诉讼产生拘束力还基于高标准刑事证明规则、防止矛盾判决和贯彻诉讼经济便民原则等合理性事由的考量。刑事判决适用于后续民事诉讼并非无边界,须成就一些条件才能适用:刑事案件与民事案件须在主要事实上存在关联或交叉;刑事判决认定的事实须是确定性事实;刑事判决效力原则上只约束参与刑事诉讼程序的主体。

There are many problems in criminal and civil cross cases in terms of judgment validity and procedure connection,which has become one of the areas that the academic and practical circles have always focused on.Judging from the current legal norms,the legitimacy of the effectiveness of prior criminal judgments in civil cases of late appeals has evolved from the power of judgment to the power of public documents.In addition,the determination of the binding force of criminal judgments on subsequent civil litigation is also based on the consideration of reasonable reasons such as high-standard criminal proof rules,judgments to prevent contradictions,and the implementation of the principle of economic convenience in litigation.The criminal judgment applicable to the subsequent civil litigation is not borderless,and some conditions must be fulfilled:the criminal case and the civil case must be related or intersected in the main fact;the facts determined by the criminal judgment must be deterministic facts;the binding force of criminal judgment only constrains the main body who participates in criminal proceedings.