粗糙表面对同位素生产专用设备内部速度分布和功耗影响理论研究

Study on the Influence of Roughened Surface on the Velocity Distribution and Power Loss of the Isotope Production Equipment

同位素生产专用设备的能耗是衡量其运转时物理特性的重要指标,直接影响同位素生产专用设备物理性能和经济性。同位素生产专用设备在加工和运行过程中在其内部可能形成粗糙表面。为了研究这种粗糙表面对同位素生产专用设备功耗的影响,找到影响机理和调节、恢复方法,首先分析了粗糙表面引起的变化(包括对温度场和流动状态的影响),然后采用有限差分方法求解N-S方程计算具体流场的变化情况,在N-S方程求解过程当中采取根据部分测量经验给出不同情况下速度初值这一方式,迭代求解出脉动速度的变化情况,保证了求解且能够更加全面地反映粗糙表面的影响,而以前未引入脉动速度变化进行计算,即假设认为脉动速度不变或为0时,计算发现形成粗糙表面后对流场影响很小,可以忽略。将脉动速度代入计算同位素生产专用设备功耗过程中,观测流动状态改变带来的功耗变化情况,计算结果显示减小脉动速度可以降低同位素生产专用设备功耗。这为不同型号专用设备使用过程中功耗变化方向和调节思路的确定提供了依据,可以通过调节同位素生产专用设备当中气流流动状态来控制其功耗以保证其物理性能。

The energy consumption of special equipment for isotope production is an important index to measure its physical characteristics during operation,which directly affects the physical properties and economy of its production.Special equipment for isotope production may form rough surfaces inside it during processing and operation. In order to study the influence of this rough surface on the production and find out the mechanism of influence and the methods of adjustment and recovery, the variation caused by the rough surface is analyzed (temperature and flow state). Then by solving the N-S equation, the variation of the fluctuating velocity is solved by iteration, which ensures that the solution can reflect the influence of the rough surface more comprehensively. It defies the assumption that the rough surface has no influence on the flow field when the fluctuating velocity is assumed to be fixed or zero. The pulsating velocity is substituted into the process of calculating the power consumption of special equipment for isotope production, and the power consumption change caused by the change of flow state is observed. It is found that the power consumption of special equipment for isotope production is reduced due to the decrease of pulsating velocity. According to the study, the change of the power loss can be forecasted, and the control method can be put forward. The power loss can be controlled by adjusting the flow state of the isotope production equipment.