浓度对数图的精确绘制与应用解析

Accurate drawing and application of the logarithm graphic of concentration

为准确绘制浓度对数图,利用分布分数获取酸碱溶液理论数据,以Excel与Origin软件为工具绘制浓度对数图,并应用其判断酸碱组分组成,求算溶液平衡浓度,计算溶液pH,确定酸碱滴定终点误差.结果表明,酸性条件下对溶液中酸性分子产生促进作用,但碱性条件下会产生抑制作用.采用浓度对数图计算平衡浓度具有直观、准确的特点,其不仅可以计算纯酸碱溶液与两性物质溶液pH,而且可以计算混合酸碱溶液pH.在确定酸碱滴定终点误差方面,应用浓度对数图为理论计算提供了简捷途径.

In order to accurate drawing of the logarithm graphic of concentration,the theoretical data of acid-base solution was calculated by distribution fraction.A mathematical method of the logarithm graphic of concentration was established by Excel and Origin software,and it was used to judge the composition of acid-base components,calculate the equilibrium concentration of the solution,calculate the pH of the solution,and determine the end-point error of acid-base titration.The results show that at acidic conditions it can have a positive effect on acidic molecules in solution,but a negative effect at alkaline conditions.This method has intuitionistic and credible characteristic with calculate the equilibrium concentration.It can calculate not only the pH of pure acid-base solution and amphoteric material solution,but also consider the mixed acid-base solution.However,the logarithm graphic of concentration provides a simple and reliable method for determining the end-point error of acid-base titration.