“怀旧与乡愁”:贵州台江苗族姊妹节音乐行为的一个阐释维度

"Nostalgia and Homesickness":An Explanatory Dimension of the Musical Behavior of the Miao Sister Festival in Taijiang County,Guizhou Province

文章以贵州台江苗族姊妹节为田野调查点,采用田野调查和口述史的研究方法,从音乐人类学视角对姊妹节中已婚的大龄的男女的音乐行为进行描述和阐释,认为姊妹节中已婚的大龄的男女进行游方对歌却不以爱情为目的音乐行为主要是为了表达个体生命的精神原乡和集体记忆的整体诉求;姊妹节是一场通过仪式,人们通过组织怀旧类型的仪式重建过去(集体记忆中的美好时刻),在仪式“反结构”的过程中,通过获得爱情的“游方对歌”的音乐行为,治愈关于过去美好时光的怀恋即乡愁和对现在的不满,完成一次个体生命体验和集体记忆体验之旅,治愈并获得愉悦。

Taking the Miao sister festival in Taijiang county,Guizhou Province as the field investigation point,this paper describes and explains the musical behavior of married older men and women in the Sister Festival from the perspective of musical anthropology by using the research methods of field investigation and oral history.It is considered that the older married men and women in the Sister Festival have a wandering duel,but not for the purpose of love.The musical behavior is mainly to express the overall appeal of the spiritual hometown of individual life and collective memory.Sister Festival is a ceremony through which people reconstruct the past(a good moment in collective memory)by organizing nostalgic rituals.In the process of the ceremony,in terms of the musical behavior of"singing to each other"of love,they heal their nostalgia for the good times in the past and express the dissatisfaction with the present,so that they complete a journey of individual life experience and collective memory experience in a way of healing and enjoying.