奥希替尼在表皮生长因子受体突变非小细胞肺癌中的研究进展

Progress of osimertinib in epidermal growth factor receptor mutant non⁃small cell lung cancer

表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因作为重要的肿瘤驱动基因,在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的发生、发展中发挥着重要作用。奥希替尼作为最新一代的EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)药物,不仅在EGFR敏感突变的患者中取得了显著的效果,在EGFR罕见突变患者中的疗效也令人鼓舞。与以往的EGFR‑TKI药物相比,奥希替尼血脑屏障的穿透力强,可以有效防止肺癌脑转移的发生,同时在第一、二代靶向药物出现耐药后,奥希替尼在后续治疗过程中依然有效。文章就EGFR突变的特点、奥希替尼的作用机制及其治疗NSCLC EGFR突变的最新研究进行综述。

As an important tumor driver gene,epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene plays an important role in the development and progression of non‑small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).As the latest generation of EGFR‑tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)drugs,osimertinib has brought significant therapeutic efficacies and encouraging results both in patients with sensitive EGFR mutations and patients with rare EGFR mutations.Compared with previous EGFR‑TKI drugs,osimertinib has strong blood‑brain barrier penetration,which can effectively prevent the occurrence of lung cancer brain metastasis.After the resistance of first and second generation of targeted drugs,osimertinib is still effective in the follow‑up treatment process.This article reviews the characteristics of EGFR mutation,the action mechanism of osimertinib,and the latest progress of osimertinib in treatment of EGFR mutations in NSCLC.