不同分娩方式对产后盆底功能影响的对比分析

Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Different Delivery Methods on Postpartum Pelvic Floor Function

目的:探讨不同分娩方式对产妇产后的盆底功能影响。方法:将北京美中宜和妇儿医院2019年8月-2020年12月产科收治的1000例产妇作为观察对象,500例自然分娩产妇为A组,500例剖宫产产妇为B组,回顾性分析上述两组产妇的临床资料,对其盆底功能进行对比。结果:A组产妇产后12、18、24周的盆底影响问卷简表(pelvic floor impact questionnaire short form,PFIQ-7)评分高于B组,盆底肌力手测分级法(Oxford评分)低于B组,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组产后12、18周性生活评分优于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组产妇产后24周性生活评分对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组产后尿失禁、腹直肌分离、子宫脱垂发生率分别为24.60%、15.20%、18.40%,与B组(16.20%、9.00%、10.40%)相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与自然分娩方式相比,剖宫产分娩方式对产后早期盆底功能和性生活的影响相对较小,剖宫产产妇产后恢复效果更好。

Objective:To explore the effects of different delivery methods on the postpartum pelvic floor function of parturients.Method:A total of 1000 cases of parturients admitted to Beijing Amcare Women’s and Children’s Hospital from August 2019 to December 2020 were taken as observation objects.Among them,500 cases of natural childbirth were regarded as group A and 500 cases of cesarean section were regarded as group B.The clinical data of two groups were retrospectively analyzed.Their pelvic floor function were compared.Result:The scores of pelvic floor impact questionnaire short form(PFIQ-7)in group A were higher than those in group B,and Oxford scores in group A were lower than that in group B at 12,18 and 24 weeks postpartum(P<0.05);the scores of sexual life in group B at 12 and 18 weeks postpartum were better than those in group A(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in the scores of 24 weeks postpartum sexual life between the two groups(P>0.05);the incidence of postpartum urinary incontinence,rectus abdominis separation and uterine prolapse in group A were 24.60%,15.20%and 18.40%respectively,which were significantly higher than 16.20%,9.00%and 10.40%in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with natural delivery,cesarean delivery has less impact on pelvic floor function and sexual life in the early postpartum period,and the postpartum recovery effect of cesarean section is better.