医学生性与生殖健康状况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of sexual and reproductive health status of medical students

目的了解医学生性与生殖健康状况的分布特征,为医学类高校青春健康教育工作的开展提供有效参考。方法依据《青春期性心理健康量表》和自编调查问卷,采用整群分层抽样法,对河南省2所医学类专科与2所医学类本科高校的2982名学生进行网络调查。结果医学生性心理整体水平为3.40±0.73,本科生高于专科生(t=-6.084,P<0.001),男生高于女生(t=4.995,P<0.001),毕业年级高于新生年级(LSD-t_(专科大一vs大三)=-6.966,LSD-t_(本科大一vs大五)=-4.560,均P<0.001)。单身比例为68.7%,婚前性行为发生率为25.6%。在性行为人群中有过意外怀孕比例为17.2%,高危性行为比例为2.9%。男生、本科生和高年级的性行为发生率均呈明显增高(χ^(2)_(本科vs专科)=29.271,χ^(2)_(男生vs女生)=106.312,χ^(2)_(专科年级)=278.700,χ^(2)_(本科年级)=82.774,均P<0.001)。结论医学生的性心理和性行为受学历、性别和年级的影响,性心理整体水平对性行为事件的发生有一定预警但并非呈负性相关。医学教育体系中应尽快融入全面性教育,并加强能力引导。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of sexual and reproductive health status ofmedical students,so as to provide the effective reference for the development of youth health education in medical collegesand universities.MethodsAccording to Puberty Psychosexual Health Scale and a self-designed questionnaire,2982students from 2 medical colleges and 2 medical universities in Henan Province were randomly investigated by networksurvey.ResultsThe average score of overall sexual psychology level of medical students was 3.40±0.73,that of undergrad-uates was significantly higher than that of junior college students(t=-6.084,P<0.001),that of male students was signifi-cantly higher than that of female students(t=4.995,P<0.001),and that of graduation grade students was significantly higherthan that of freshmen(LSD-t_(college students Grade 1 vs.Grade 3)=-6.966,LSD-t_(undergraduate students Grade 1 vs.Grade 5)=-4.560,both P<0.001).Theproportion of single rate was 68.7%and the incidence of premarital sex was 25.6%.In the sexual behavior population,theproportion of accidental pregnancy was 17.2%,and the proportion of high-risk sexual behavior was 2.9%.The incidence ofsexual behavior among boys,undergraduates and senior students increased significantly(χ^(2)_(undergraduate vs.college student)=29.271,χ^(2)_(male vs.female)=106.312,χ^(2)_(college grades)=278.700,χ^(2)_(undergraduate grades)=82.774,all P<0.001).ConclusionThe sexual psychologyand behavior of medical students are affected by the educa-tional background,gender and grade.The overall level ofsexual psychology has a certain early warning for the occur-rence of sexual behavior events,but it is not negatively cor-related.The comprehensive education should be integratedinto the medical education system as soon as possible,andthe ability guidance should also be strengthened.