急性心肌梗死患者早期康复护理干预研究进展

Research progress of early rehabilitation nursing intervention for patients with acute myocardial infarction

急性心肌梗死是临床常见的急性心血管疾病,是因冠状动脉急性、持续性缺血缺氧所引起的心肌坏死,发生率及死亡风险较高。急性心肌梗死呈进行性发展,病情复杂,危险因素较多,治愈可能性低,患者需终身进行治疗、干预。康复护理是康复医学重要组成部分,在心血管疾病患者中普遍应用,是促进急性心肌梗死患者恢复的重要措施,在改善患者心功能,预防疾病复发、加重,预防心血管事件中效果确切。康复护理涉及情绪、认知、膳食、运动等多个方面,不仅注意疾病方面的康复,也强调尽可能地恢复患者在精神、心理、生活活动等方面的能力,以减轻急性心肌梗死造成的负面影响,改善远期预后。本文针对康复护理概念、急性心肌梗死患者早期康复护理原因、早期康复护理内容等进行综述,旨在为改善急性心肌梗死患者预后提供借鉴。

Acute myocardial infarction is the common clinical acute cardiovascular disease. It is a myocardial necrosis caused by acute and persistent coronary ischemia and hypoxia with high incidence and risk of death. Acute myocardial infarction develops progressively,the condition is complex,there are many risk factors,and the possibility of cure is low. The patient needs life-long treatment and intervention.Rehabilitation nursing is an important part of rehabilitation medicine. It is widely used in patients with cardiovascular diseases. It is an important measure to promote the recovery of patients with acute myocardial infarction. It has a definite effect in improving patients’ heart function,preventing disease recurrence and aggravation, and preventing cardiovascular events. Rehabilitation nursing involves emotion,cognition,diet,exercise and other aspects. It not only pays attention to the rehabilitation of the disease,but also emphasizes the recovery of the ability of patients in spirit,psychology and living activities as much as possible,so as to reduce the negative impact of acute myocardial infarction and improve the long-term prognosis. This article summarizes the concept of rehabilitation nursing,the reasons of early rehabilitation nursing for patients with acute myocardial infarction,and the content of early rehabilitation nursing,aiming to provide reference for improving the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction.