Ta_(x)Hf_(1-x)C(x=0-1)超高温陶瓷材料的研究进展

Progress on Ta_(x) Hf_(1-x)C(x=0~1) Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics

超高温陶瓷具有能够在超高温环境下(>2000℃)以及反应气氛中(例如原子氧、等离子体环境)保持物理和化学稳定性的独特优势,因而在高速飞行器热防护系统以及火箭发动机的热端部件等领域中应用潜力极大。近年来,作为新兴的一类超高温材料,Ta_(x)Hf_(1-x)C(x=0-1)超高温陶瓷凭借其在已知物质中最高的熔点以及优异的抗氧化、耐烧蚀潜质,引起了研究人员的关注,已成为超高温陶瓷领域的新热门。本文以现有的公开报道为依据,全面综述了国内外Ta_(x)Hf_(1-x)C(x=0-1)超高温陶瓷的组成结构、制备方法、本征性能和高温氧化烧蚀性能等的研究进展。重点阐述了材料体系在制备和性能研究方面取得的相关进展,总结了现有研究的不足,并展望了未来的研究趋势,旨在为Ta_(x)Hf_(1-x)C(x=0-1)超高温陶瓷的理论、实验和应用研究提供有益的参考。

Ultra-high temperature ceramics have the unique advantages of being able to maintain physical and chemical stability in ultra-high temperature environments (>2000℃) and in reactive atmospheres (e.g.,atomic oxygen,plasma environments),and thus have great potential for applications in thermal protection systems for high-speed aircraft and hot-end components for rocket engines.In recent years,Ta_(x)Hf_(1-x)C(x=0~1)ultra-high temperature ceramics have become a new hot topic in the field of ultra-high temperature ceramics due to their ultra-high melting points and excellent resistance to oxidation and ablation.Based on the available published reports,this paper presented a comprehensive review of the research progress on the composition,preparation,intrinsic properties and high-temperature oxidative ablation properties of Ta_(x)Hf_(1-x)C(x=0~1)ultra-high-temperature ceramics in abroad and domestic.The relevant progresses in the preparation and properties of the material systems were highlighted,the shortcomings of the existing studies were summarized,and the future research trends were prospected,aiming to provide useful guidance for the theoretical,experimental and application studies of Ta_(x)Hf_(1-x)C(x=0~1) ultra-high-temperature ceramics.