研究型任务情境下学术用户信息搜寻行为研究——基于Kuhlthau的信息搜寻过程模型

Research on the Information Searching Behavior of Academic Users in the Context of Research Tasks:Kuhlthau-based Information Search Process Model

本文旨在通过探索研究型任务情境下用户信息搜寻过程和搜寻行为,更好地为面向学术用户的信息和科研服务提供有效的决策支持。以不同学科的教师和博士生为研究对象,基于Kuhlthau的信息搜寻过程模型,结合研究型任务情境,从宏观角度探索了研究问题预聚焦、焦点形成及聚焦后三个阶段的信息搜寻行为。首先,通过关键事件法和微刻时序访谈法相结合的方式,完成21个访谈对象的数据采集;随后,采用内容分析法和归纳法对结果进行分析,从信息需求、搜寻策略、情感状态三个维度探索了学术用户在不同信息搜寻阶段的表现。结果表明,研究型任务情境下学术用户信息搜寻行为是一个复杂过程,在三个不同信息搜寻过程阶段,作为调节变量的用户特征,如学科背景、先验知识、感知的任务复杂度、学术水平等因素,对其搜寻过程、思想、行动、情感具有明显影响。

This study aims to explore the user’s information search process and search behavior in the context of research-oriented tasks,so as to better provide effective decision support for related information and scientific services targeting at academic users.Based on Kuhlthau’s information search process model and research task situation,this paper explores the information search behavior at three stages—pre focus,focus formation and post focus—from a macro perspective.First,through the combination of key event method and Micro-Moment Time-Line interview method,the data collection of 21 interviewees is completed;then,the results are analyzed by content analysis method and induction method,and the performance of academic users in different information search stages is explored from three dimensions of information demand,information search strategy and emotional state.The results show that the information search behavior of academic users in the context of research task is a complex process.At three different stages of information search process,user characteristics,such as subject background,prior knowledge,perceived task complexity,academic level,are a moderating variable,and have a significant impact on the search process,thoughts,actions and emotion.