陶行知与黄炎培职业教育思想比较

Comparison of Tao Xingzhi and Huang Yanpei’s Vocational Education Thoughts

陶行知与黄炎培作为中国近现代教育思想史上的两位代表性人物,对职业教育都有诸多论述,形成了各具特色的职业教育思想。因生活的时代相近,面临的问题类似,在教育实践中又有较多的交往与合作,陶行知与黄炎培的职业教育思想有诸多共通之处。二者都主张个人目的与社会目的相结合的双重职业教育目的观,提倡职业教育与普通教育、社会生活相联系的职业教育方针,倡导从平民社会入手的职业教育办学原则,坚持手脑并用的职业教育方法。同时,陶行知与黄炎培因个人兴趣各异、关注重心不一等原因,对乡村职业教育的实施方式及一些具体问题的关注各有侧重,这又凸显了不同教育家的个人风格。对陶行知与黄炎培的职业教育思想进行比较研究,不仅有利于深入认识、合理看待二者在中国职业教育思想史上的贡献与地位,而且对当今职业教育的发展亦具有一定的借鉴意义。

Tao Xingzhi and Huang Yanpei,as two representative figures in the history of Chinese modern educational thought,have many discussions on vocational education and formed their own distinctive vocational education thoughts.Tao Xingzhi and Huang Yanpei’s vocational education thoughts have a lot in common because they live in similar times and face similar problems,and there are more exchanges and cooperation in educational practice between them.Both advocated the dual purpose view of vocational education combining personal purpose and social purpose,advocated the vocational education policy of connecting vocational education with general education and social life,advocated the vocational education management principle starting from civilian society,and adhered to the vocational education method of combining hands and brains.At the same time,Tao Xingzhi and Huang Yanpei have different views on the implementation of rural vocational education due to different personal interests and different focus,which highlights the personal styles of different educators.The comparative study of Tao Xingzhi and Huang Yanpei’s vocational education thoughts is not only conducive to an in-depth understanding and reasonable view of their contribution and status in the history of Chinese vocational education thoughts,but also has a certain reference significance for the development of today’s vocational education.