幼儿教师教育惩戒的困境与反思

Predicament and Reflection on Educational Punishment of Preschool Teachers

当前我国幼儿教师实施教育惩戒面临诸多现实困境,易将体罚或变相体罚与教育惩戒相混淆;误将惩戒当惩罚,惩戒理念失当;缺乏公正性,惩戒的公信力受到质疑;基于赏识教育的大肆宣扬与媒体舆论的压力,只奖不惩。幼儿教师教育惩戒权合理运用的基础与依据主要表现为激励与惩戒是幼儿教育的重要行为管理策略,是促进幼儿规则意识建立与实现完整教育的重要手段,是法律赋予教师的专业权力。当前实现幼儿教师教育惩戒权的落实,应该做到完善相关立法,为幼儿教师教育惩戒提供明确的法律依据;厘清惩戒与体罚的边界,把握好教育惩戒的尺度与限度;提升幼儿教师的师德水平及专业素养,实现教育惩戒的合伦理性;建立教育惩戒监督预防系列方案及事后救济机制,规范教育惩戒的科学运用。

At present,preschool teachers in China face many practical difficulties in implementing educational punishment,including confusing corporal punishment or disguised corporal punishment with educational punishment;Mistreating discipline as punishment and improper concept of punishment;Lack of fairness,the credibility of punishment is questioned;Only rewarding but not punishing due to the propaganda of appreciating education and the pressure of media opinion.The basis and basis of rational use of preschool teachers'educational punishment power is mainly reflected in that incentive and punishment are important behavior management strategies in preschool education,important means to promote the establishment of children's rule awareness and the realization of a complete education,and professional rights granted to teachers by law.At present,to realize the implementation of preschool teachers'power of educational punishment,relevant legislation should be perfected to provide a clear legal basis for preschool teachers'educational punishment.Clarify the boundary between punishment and corporal punishment,grasp the scale and limit of educational punishment;To improve the level of ethics and professional quality of preschool teachers and realize the ethics of educational punishment;To establish a series of programs for supervision and prevention of educational punishment and a relief mechanism afterwards,and standardize the scientific application of educational punishment.