雷公藤多苷致大鼠精子畸形初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Sperm Deformity of Rats Caused by Tripterygium Wilfordii Polyglycosides

目的采用雷公藤(Tripterygium wilfordii)多苷灌胃造模,分析大鼠精子异常形态,详细描述大鼠精子异常形态类型,为研究大鼠精子畸形提供参考。方法雄性成年SD大鼠,雷公藤多苷剂量为30 mg/kg灌胃,给药4周及8周后,分别取大鼠附睾精子,用Diff-Quik染色法,在光镜下行精子形态分析。结果(1)采用Diff-Quik染色法染色大鼠精子,简单快速、精子着色良好且各段显示清楚;(2)大鼠精子与人的精子差别较大,主要在以下三方面:(1)大鼠精子形态正常率很高,异常率低;(2)大鼠精子头部为弯曲状和呈镰刀型,类似于外科带针缝线样;(3)大鼠精子主段明显比人精子长;(3)雷公藤多苷造模大鼠精子形态异常类型有:无钩、头部折叠、小头、无头、颈部断裂、无尾、尾部卷曲及尾部断裂,其中无头及无尾畸形为常见类型;(4)在雷公藤多苷灌胃4周后大鼠精子畸形率升高,与空白组比较,P=0.00<0.01,差异有明显的统计学意义;在8周后畸形率进一步升高,与空白组及4周组比较,P=0.00<0.01,差异有明显的统计学意义。结论(1)Diff-Quik染色法可作为一种大鼠精子实用的染色方法;(2)大鼠精子与人精子差别较大;(3)采用雷公藤多苷灌胃,可使大鼠精子出现头部、中段及主段的各种畸形,精子畸形率明显增加,可以作为畸形精子症动物模型。

Objective Using Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside to make gastric gavage,to analyze and describe the abnormal sperm morphology of rats,and to provide a reference to the relevant study.Method Male adult SD rats were selected and T.wilfordii polyglycosides 30 mg/(kg·d)was intragastrically administered.After 4 and 8 weeks of administration,the epididymal sperm of the rats were taken respectively.After Diff-Quik staining,sperm morphology analyzed under light microscope.Result(1)Using the Diff-Quik staining method to stain rats sperm,it was simple,fast,well colored and clear.(2)Rat sperm is clearly distinguishable from human sperm,such as(1)The normal rate of sperm morphology was high and the deformity rate was low.(2)The head of the rat sperm was curved and sickle-shaped,and similar to surgical sutures with needles.(3)The main segment of rat sperms was significantly longer than human.(3)Deformed sperm morphology of T.wilfordii model rats were no hook,folded head,small head,no head,neck fracture,no tail,tail curl and tail fracture,and the most common types were headless and tailless.(4)The rat sperm deformity rate increased after gavage of T.wilfordii polyglycoside tablets after 4 weeks,and compared with the blank group,the difference was statistically significant(P=0.00<0.01).Compared with the blank and the 4-week groups,the deformity rate of rats in the 8-week group increased,the differences was statistically significant(P=0.00<0.01).Conclusion(1)Diff-Quik staining could be used as a staining method for rat sperms.(2)Rat sperm of rats or human were quite different.(3)Gavage of T.wilfordii polyglycoside could cause various types of sperm deformities in the head,middle and main segments of rat sperms,and the sperm deformation rate was significantly increased.It could be used as an animal model of teratozoospermia.