广州老旧住区过渡季室外热舒适评价及调控范围研究

Study on Outdoor Thermal Comfort Evaluation and Control Range of Old Residential Districts in Guangzhou in Transition Season

在城市建设重点转变为存量提升的背景下,探究老旧住区热环境舒适度评价与调控对旧城更新改造、环境品质提升有重要意义。对广州典型老旧住区进行实测与问卷调查,计算用于室外热舒适评价的生理等效温度(Physiological Equivalent Temperature, PET)及其改进指标mPET,运用回归分析评析老旧住区过渡季室外热舒适特征。结论如下:1)相比PET,mPET与热感觉投票的相关性更好、对其敏感性更强,更适合在湿热地区老旧住区使用;2)过渡季老旧住区居民室外中性mPET约为23.78℃,最舒适mPET约为30.46℃,90%热接受率的mPET范围是29.57~35.81℃,居民对高温炎热天气的适应性很强,主要可在19:00—22:00达到舒适状态;3)空气温度是过渡季老旧住区居民最敏感的热环境参数,其次是太阳辐射;居民约在12:20—17:00不接受当下的空气温度,临界值为30.85℃;4)可综合运用立体绿化、更换建筑及下垫面材质、增设喷雾等方式进行遮阳和降温,以适应居民的热环境需求。

Under the background that the focus of urban construction has been transformed to stock space improvement, exploring the evaluation and control of thermal environment comfort in old residential districts are of great significance to urban renewal and the improvement of environmental quality. The field measurement and questionnaire survey of typical old residential districts in Guangzhou were carried out, the Physiological Equivalent Temperature(PET) and its improvement index mPET for outdoor thermal comfort evaluation were calculated, and regression analysis was used to evaluate the outdoor thermal comfort characteristics of the old residential districts during the transition season. The conclusions are as follows: 1) Compared with PET, mPET has better correlation and stronger sensitivity to thermal sensation voting, indicating that it is more suitable for application in old residential districts in hot and humid areas. 2) In the transitional season, the residents’ outdoor neutral mPET in old residential districts is about 23.78 ℃, the most comfortable mPET is about 30.46 ℃, and the mPET range of 90% heat acceptance rate is 29.57~35.81 ℃, the residents are highly adaptable to hot weather, and can reach a comfortable state between 19:00—22:00;3) Air temperature is the most sensitive thermal environment parameter for residents in old residential districts during the transition season, followed by solar radiation;residents do not accept the current air temperature around 12:20—17:00, and the critical value is 30.85 ℃;4) In order to meet the thermal environment needs of residents, three-dimensional greening, replacement of building and underlying surface materials, adding spray and other methods can be used for shading and cooling.