社区花园对健康影响的国际研究体系与展望

International Research System and Prospect of the Influence of Community Gardens on Health

社区花园作为绿色城市与健康城市建设的重要组成部分,其健康功能是国外新近研究热点。文中基于国外数据库平台对相关文献进行检索,总结社区花园的内涵与功能演变过程,并从理论构成、影响内容、影响机制和研究方法 4个方面阐述社区花园对健康影响的国际研究体系。目前社区花园的健康理论构成以社会生态学和行为健康学为主,影响内容包括生理、心理、社会与环境健康,影响机制分为提供绿色环境或服务以及激发健康促进行为,研究方法主要包含绿色暴露测度、健康指标测度、中介因素测度及关联模型测度。分析了现有研究中存在的主要问题,即理论研究不足、互动机制待明确及特定语境局限。在此基础上,从理论深化、方法创新和虚实结合3个方面提出社区花园对健康影响的未来研究重点。

Community garden is an important part of green city and healthy city, and its health function has gradually become an international hot research topic. Based on the literature retrieval from international databases, this paper summarizes the connotation of the community garden and its function evolution process,and expounds the international research system for community garden’s influence on health from four aspects of theoretical composition, impact contents, impact mechanism and research methods. At present, the health theories in terms of the community garden are mainly based on social ecology and behavioral health. The impact covers the impacts on the physical, psychological, social and environmental health. The impact mechanism is divided into providing ecological environment or services, and stimulating health promotion behaviors, and its research methods mainly include green exposure measurement, health index measurement,intermediary factor measurement and correlation model measurement. This paper analyzes the main problems encountered in the current research, e.g., inefficient theoretical research, the unclear interaction mechanism and the limitations in specific context. On this basis, the focus of future research on the community garden’s influence on health is proposed from the three aspects of theoretical deepening, method innovation and virtual and real combination.