中亚能源转型与可再生能源投资合作

Energy transition and renewable energy investment cooperation in Central Asia

中亚哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦五国经济体量差距较大,油气资源与风、光、水力等可再生能源资源丰富。碳中和的目标愿景、保障能源安全和经济结构转型等使中亚国家以传统油气能源为主的结构也面临能源转型压力。在一系列政策法规推动下,哈萨克斯坦可再生能源发展跨入快车道。乌兹别克斯坦低碳发展相关战略有力促进了可再生能源的进一步发展。吉尔吉斯斯坦政府积极推出可再生能源相关支持政策和举措。土库曼斯坦国内现已建成多个清洁能源发电项目。塔吉克斯坦大力建设水电站。建议中国与中亚深化"一带一路"建设,推动能源合作;加强能源产业链建设,促进能源安全;锚定可再生能源合作,推进区域碳中和;加大绿色融资,建立长效合作机制;跟踪地缘政治动态,加强风险防范。

There are big differences in economic size among the Central Asian countries of Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Turkmenistan,Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan,which are rich in oil and gas resources and renewable energy resources such as wind,solar,and water power.Their traditional oil and gas energy structure is also facing the pressure of energy transition due to the goal,energy security,and economic structure transformation of carbon neutrality.Driven by a series of policies and regulations,Kazakhstan’s renewable energy development has entered a fast lane,Uzbekistan’s low-carbon development strategy has strongly promoted the further development of renewable energy,the Kyrgyz government has actively introduced policies and measures to support renewable energy,Turkmenistan has built a number of clean energy power generation projects,and Tajikistan is making great efforts to build hydropower stations.China and Central Asia should deepen the Belt and Road Initiative and promote energy cooperation,strengthen the construction of energy industry chain to promote energy security,focus on renewable energy cooperation and promote regional carbon neutrality,increase green financing and establish long-term cooperation mechanism,follow geopolitical developments and strengthen risk prevention.