“放管服”改革:政府职能转变的创新

The Reforms to “Streamline Administration,Delegate Powers,and Improve Regulation and Services”:The Innovation of Government Functions Transformation

本文将“放管服”改革的政府职能转变放到改革开放40年的中国政府职能转变过程中加以总结梳理。通过对我国以往的政府职能转变与“放管服”改革的政府职能转变进行比较研究,认为“放管服”改革政府职能转变的创新性表现为:政府职能价值取向的转变——由注重社会经济效率转向注重社会公平;政府职能转变动因的变化——由外生性转向内生性;政府职能转变重心的变化——由注重结构性转向注重效能性;政府职能转变对象的变化——由以管理者为中心转向以服务对象为中心;政府职能转变方式的变化——由注重权力的直接管理方式转向注重制度化、法制化、网络化的间接管理方式。“放管服”改革过程中政府职能转变具有内在性、主动性、伦理性、创新性的特征,标志着“放管服”改革是以往40年来我国改革开放与政府职能转变的延续与创新,是政府职能转变的一个新的历史阶段。同时表征着国家治理的现代化对于中国而言并非是一个自然的历史过程,而是一个不断自我革命与自我完善的建构过程。

This paper summarizes the reforms to “Streamline Administration,Delegate Powers,and Improve Regulation and Services”(SADPIRS) in the process of Chinese government functions transformation over 40 years of reform and opening up.Through comparative research on the transformation of Chinese government functions from the past to the present,the reform to SADPIRS shows the following innovations:the change of the value orientation of government functions from paying attention to social economic efficiency to emphasizing on social fairness;the change of the motivation of government functions transformation from exogenous to endogenous;the change of the focus of government functions from structure to effectiveness;the change of the target of government functions from manager-centered to service-centered;the change of transformation mode of government functions from direct management of power to indirect management which focuses on institutionalization,legalization and network.It is the intrinsic,active,ethical,and innovative features of government functions transformation in the process of the reforms to SADPIRS that indicates continuation and innovation of China’s reform and opening up and the transformation of government functions over the past 40 years.It is a new historical stage in the transformation of government functions.It also indicates that the modernization of state governance is not a natural historical process for China,but a process of continuous self-revolution and self-improvement.