医疗联合体建设的发展现状

Development status of medical consortium construction

医联体是区域医疗联合体的简称,是将同一个区域内的医疗资源整合在一起,一个区域内的三级医院与二级医院、社区医院、村医院组成一个医疗联合体。设立这样的医疗合作体,能够很好地解决各个地区的医疗资源不平衡的问题,从而达到合理整合医疗资源的目的,无论对于患者还是医院都有很大的益处。本文首先分析了国外医联体建设的经验,随之列举出几个典型城市和地区医联体的建设状况,分析目前在建设医联体中主要面临的4个方面的问题:各合作方利益分配不平衡,整体分工不明确,出现消极怠工;基层医疗机构缺少上级医疗机构的有力扶持;基层医疗机构服务能力不高;医保政策存在不配套现象,降低了患者转诊动力。最后提出了4个方面的发展建议,即加强各个合作单位之间的联系、强化自我内部的监督、加强医保政策与联合体建设融合、加大财政支持等,以期对未来医联体的发展提供帮助。

The medical consortium is the abbreviation of the regional medical consortium,which integrates the medical resources in the same region. The tertiary hospitals,secondary hospitals,community hospitals and village hospitals in a region form a medical consortium. Setting up such a medical cooperation body can well solve the problem of imbalance of medical resources in various regions,so as to achieve the purpose of rational integration of medical resources,which is of great benefit to both patients and hospitals. This paper first analyzes the construction experience of foreign medical consortia,then lists the construction status of several typical cities and regions,and analyzes the four main problems faced by the construction of medical consortia: the interest distribution of each partner is unbalanced,the overall division of labor is not clear and lead to a slowdown;primary medical institutions lack strong support from superior medical institutions;the service capacity of primary medical institutions is not high;and the medical insurance policy is not matched,which reduces the motivation of patient referral. Finally,it puts forward four development suggestions,that is,strengthening the relationship between various cooperative units,strengthening self internal supervision,strengthening the integration of medical insurance policy and consortium construction,and increasing financial support,in order to provide help for the development of medical consortium in the future.