全基因组测序技术在结核病分子流行病学中的应用进展

Advances in the application of whole genome sequencing technique in molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis

结核病给全球带来了严重的疾病负担,防控结核病具有重要意义。结核病分子流行病学将结核分枝杆菌分型技术与流行病学资料相整合,在研究结核病的传播和流行特点中起到了极其重要的作用。全基因组测序能够构建生物体基因组的完整DNA序列,具有高分辨率、高通量、结果精确等优势,在结核病分子流行病学研究中非常有吸引力和发展潜力。比较全基因组测序技术(WGS)与传统结核分枝杆菌分型技术,指出WGS优势,介绍全基因组测序的技术路线及技术进展,并回顾其在疫情追踪,耐药研究,混合感染诊断等方面的应用成果,为结核病的防控和研究提供参考和支持。

Tuberculosis has brought serious disease burden to the world,prevention and control of tuberculosis is of great significance.Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis integrates the technique of Mycobacterium tuberculosis typing and epidemiological data,and plays an extremely important role in the study of the spread and epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis.Whole genome sequencing(WGS)can construct complete DNA sequences of the genome of an organism,which has the advantages of high resolution,high throughput and accurate results,it is very attractive and has great development potential in the study of molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis.This paper compares WGS technique with the traditional Mycobacterium tuberculosis typing technique,points advantages of WGS,introduces technical route and progress of WGS,reviews its application achievements in epidemic tracing,drug resistance research and mixed infection diagnosis,so as to provide reference and support for prevention,control and research of tuberculosis.