微生物菌肥对寒地大豆根际土壤真菌多样性的影响

Effects of Microbial Fertilizer on Fungal Diversity of Soybean Rhizosphere Soil in Cold Region

为了解决大豆种植过程中因过量施用化肥带来的土壤问题,从真菌多样性和组成结构角度评估微生物菌肥对大豆根际真菌群落的影响,本研究通过减施化肥配施微生物菌肥等不同处理,采用高通量测序技术研究大豆花期根际土壤真菌多样性和结构组成的变化。结果表明:子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、被孢霉菌门(Mortierellomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)为主要菌门,其中子囊菌门为主要优势菌类群。同一地块不同施肥方式,其根际真菌群落存在差异,减施化肥配施微生物复合菌肥可以有效降低镰刀菌属丰度,单施微生物菌肥可有效提高青霉属(Penicillium)和曲霉科(Aspergillaceae)丰度。综上,微生物菌肥可以增加有益菌丰度,减少病原菌丰度。

In order to solve the soil problems caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizer in the process of soybean planting,and evaluate the impact of microbial bacterial fertilizer on soybean rhizosphere fungal community from fungal diversity and composition structure,this study studied the changes of fungal diversity and structural composition in soybean rhizosphere soil at flowering stage by reducing the application of chemical fertilizer and microbial bacterial fertilizer.The results showed that Ascomycota,Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota were the main flora,and Ascomycota was the main dominant flora.There were differences in rhizosphere fungal communities in the same plot with different fertilization methods.Reducing chemical fertilizer combined with microbial compound bacterial fertilizer can effectively reduce the abundance of Fusarium,and applying microbial bacterial fertilizer alone can effectively improve the abundance of Penicillium and aspergillaceae.In conclusion,microbial fertilizer can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduce the abundance of pathogenic bacteria.