欧盟产业链责任政策论析——可持续发展规范强制管辖的公正性反思

An Analysis of the Industrial Chain Responsibility Policy of the European Union:Reflection on the Justice of the Mandatory Jurisdiction of Sustainable Development Norms

产业链责任是环境与劳工权益等企业社会责任议程在全球产业链分工背景下的跨国延伸。在绿色左翼运动的影响下,欧盟对产业链责任概念予以接受和扩散,使其在当今国际事务中日益凸显,为全球可持续发展做出了贡献。但欧盟近期将产业链责任规范从"软法"上升为超国界强制管辖政策,其多层影响尚待辨析。从历史唯物主义视角来观察,产业链责任应包含可持续性与公正性双重目标。只有通过弥合发达国家与发展中国家之间的"发展鸿沟",全球环境与劳工权益治理效果的差距方能缩减,而单边制定的强制性政策在公正性目标上发挥的作用存疑。产业链责任的治理最终需要以政府间的多边主义与企业间的支持补偿原则为导向,制定责任共担方案。中欧双方在产业链责任治理中发挥着至关重要的作用,应当把握好双方在规范上的趋近态势,共同为人类的永续发展做出贡献。

Industrial chain responsibility is the transnational extension of corporate social responsibility agendas,such as environment and labor rights issues,in the context of global industrial chain.Under the influence of Green-left movements,the EU accepts and diffuses the concept of industrial chain responsibility,making it increasingly discernible on the international arena,and in this way contributes to global sustainable development.However,the EU has recently elevated the industrial chain responsibility norm from that of a“soft law”to a transnational mandatory jurisdiction policy,the overall impact of which still remains to be seen.A historical materialist examination suggests that the industrial chain responsibility is supposed to include the dual goals of sustainability and justice.Only by narrowing the“development gap”between the developed and developing countries,can the disparities in the effectiveness of global environment and labor rights governance be bridged.However,it is doubtful whether the unilaterally formulated mandatory policies could play a role in achieving the goal of justice.Ultimately,the governance of industrial chain responsibility requires the construction of a framework for joint responsibility-taking under the guidance of two principles,that is,the principle of multilateralism among governments and that of support and compensation among enterprises.Both China and the EU can play crucial roles in the governance of industrial chain responsibility.It is necessary for both sides to grasp the convergence trend in their norms and jointly contribute to the sustainable development of mankind.