论马克龙的新多边主义外交

The New Multilateral Diplomacy by Macron

法国总统马克龙继承了第五共和国总统戴高乐制定的独立自主的多边主义外交传统,同时根据国内外形势的变化注入了新因素和新动力,使之成为新多边主义外交。马克龙新多边主义外交以巩固和加强多极世界以及壮大欧盟为理念,在世界民族国家之林中突出法国的国家利益、国际地位和世界影响力,实现法国的"大国梦""强国梦"。其内涵包含反对特朗普的单边主义和抵制"拜登式多边主义"、强调欧洲主权和战略自主、推行大国均势、加强多边反恐合作、积极参加和推动全球治理等,具有现实主义和务实主义、战略性和工具性、创新性和高效性、全球多边主义与微边主义相结合的特征。它与中国的多边主义外交并行不悖,但亦有把中国作为竞争对手的成分。在世界大变局下,马克龙新多边主义外交既具有积极性,也具有一定程度的局限性。

Inheriting from the tradition of an independent multilateral diplomacy developed by De Gaulle,former President of the Fifth Republic of France,and injecting as the same time new dynamics and momentum,French President Macron has formed a new multilateral diplomacy.With an idea of consolidating and strengthening the multi-polar world and expanding the EU,Macron’s new multilateral diplomacy endeavors to highlight France’s national interests,international status and world influence,which is aimed at realizing its dream of a great power.It consists of opposing Trump’s unilateralism and resisting the Biden-style multilateralism,emphasizing European sovereignty and strategic autonomy,promoting a balance of power,enhancing multilateral cooperation on combating terrorism and taking an active part in global governance,which combines the features of both realism and pragmatism,and of both global multilateralism and minilateralism.It runs parallel with China’s multilateral diplomacy.However,it at the same time contains elements that take China as a rival.Both positive and negative features exist in Macron’s new multilateral diplomacy.France will take on the rotating presidency of the EU in the first half of 2022,and Macron’s new multilateral diplomacy is thus worthy of close attention.