免疫检查点抑制剂治疗晚期肝细胞肝癌的研究进展

Progress in Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

肝细胞肝癌(HCC)发病率高,明确诊断时大多为晚期,常规的放疗、化疗、分子靶向治疗效果不佳。HCC的发生发展和免疫逃逸相关,免疫检查点抑制剂具有阻断免疫逃逸,激活T细胞持续的抗肿瘤作用。程序性死亡蛋白1及其配体(PD1/PD-L1)抑制剂、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原-4(CTLA-4)为晚期肝癌常用的免疫检查点抑制剂,开展多项大型临床研究,改善了晚期HCC患者的治疗效果和预后。本文阐述了免疫检查点抑制剂的临床疗效、安全性,并探讨联合治疗策略在未来HCC治疗中的价值。

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has a high incidence,and most of the patients are at an advanced stage when definite diagnosis is made.Conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and molecular targeted therapy are not effective.The occurrence and development of HCC are related to immune escape,and immune checkpoint inhibitors have persistent anti-tumor effects of blocking immune escape and activating T cells.Programmed death protein 1 and its ligand(PD1/PD-L1)inhibitors and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4(CTLA-4)are commonly used immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.A number of large-scale clinical studies have been conducted to improve the therapeutic effect and prognosis of patients with advanced HCC.This article describes the clinical efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors and explores the value of combined therapy strategies in the future treatment of HCC.