2016年—2020年郑州市市售蔬菜中农药残留监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring results of pesticide residues in vegetables sold in Zhengzhou City from 2016 to 2020

目的了解郑州市市售蔬菜中农药残留状况,为相关部门监管提供依据。方法2016年—2020年郑州市市售蔬菜随机采集305份,按照《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》相关方法对76种农药残留进行检测,并依据《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》(GB 2763—2019)进行评价。结果5年中总共检测蔬菜305件,农药总检出率为34.43%,超标率为3.93%。检出率最高的是杀菌剂;检出率最高农药是咪鲜胺(30.56%),其次是甲基硫菌灵(26.79%);超标农药为克百威、灭多威和甲拌磷及其衍生物,9类蔬菜中7类有农药残留,6类有超标项,瓜菜类蔬菜检出率最高,其次是鲜豆类。结论郑州市市售蔬菜农药污染较重,存在一种蔬菜中检出多种农药残留和一种农药在多种蔬菜中超标现象,提示有关部门进一步加强对蔬菜农药使用监管力度。

Objective To understand the status of pesticide residues in vegetables sold in Zhengzhou City and provide basis for the supervision of relevant departments.Methods From 2016 to 2020,305 vegetable samples from the market in Zhengzhou were randomly collected,and the contents of 76 pesticides were analyzed in accordance with National Food Contaminants and Harmful Factor Risk Monitoring Work Manual,and evaluated according to GB 2763—2019 National Food Safety Standards Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides in Food.Results A total of 305 vegetable samples in 5 years were detected,with a total pesticide detection rate of 34.43%and an exceeding rate of 3.93%.The highest detection rate was fungicide;the highest detection rate was prochloraz(30.56%),followed by thiophanate-methyl(26.79%);the over-standard pesticides are carbofuran,methomyl and phorate,and their derivatives.Among the 9 types of vegetables,7 types have been detected with pesticide residues,and 6 types have over-standard items.The detection rate of melons and vegetables was the highest,followed by fresh beans.Conclusion The pesticide residue of vegetables in Zhengzhou City is heavy.There are multiple pesticide residues detected in one vegetable and one pesticide exceeds the standard in multiple vegetables,so the relevant departments should be further strengthen the supervision of over the use of pesticides in vegetables.