五山文学中的《吸酸图》

The Painting of Tasting Vinegar in Gozan Literature

日本五山僧人认为《吸酸图》中所绘三人是儒释道三教人物,画旨在于体现“三教合一”思想。在我国明代,对此画题的人物身份还存在“苏轼、黄庭坚、佛印”这一解读。日本美术研究者基于元代画家赵孟頫绘制过《东坡懿迹图》,普遍认为苏轼三人的《吸酸图》早于三教人物《吸酸图》,三教吸酸是对苏轼等人吸酸故事的改写与置换。但考查文献可以发现,《东坡懿迹图》的绘制应当始自明代。

The Zen-monks of Gozan in ancient Japan identified the three characters in Paintings of Vinegar-tasting to the sages of the three religions:Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.They believed that these paintings were intended to incarnate the ideology of Unity of the Three Religions.An alternative interpretation for these paintings could be discovered in Ming Dynasty of China,which identified the three characters respectively to Su Shi,Huang Tingjian and FoYin.Painting of Su Shi’s Exemplary Conduct,believed to be the work of Zhao Mengfu,a painter in Yuan Dynasty,convince the Japanese art researchers,that the Paintings of Vinegar-tasting of Su Shi,Huang Tingjian and FoYin were produced earlier than“Paintings of Vinegar-tasting of Sages of Three Religions”,and the latter were the adopted and replaced version of the former.However,a survey in the documents reveals that Paintings of Su Shi’s Exemplary Conduct were actually produced in Ming Dynasty.