社区养老设施康复功能的空间绩效优化设计——基于对上海市3处设施的用后评估

A Study on the Design Optimization of Spatial Performance for the Rehabilitating Function of Community-Based Senior Facilities The Post-Occupation Evaluation of Three Examples in Shanghai

针对社区养老设施中康复室的低效利用现象,对3处典型设施的康复功能开展空间绩效调查。基于用后评估分析其效果、效率和收益显示,成功个案的有效康复行为发生在3类空间且活动大厅最受欢迎;大部分老年人积极参加康复活动但行为受护理员组织影响呈现鲜明的时空间聚集差异;康复功能的成本效益受空间和人力成本制约且存在优化设计可能。据此提出以护理站为轴优化布局,活动大厅融合康复功能,因地制宜选择有效康复器械等3条空间绩效优化设计策略。

In response to the inefficient use of rehabilitating rooms in community-based senior facilities, this paper introduces a spatial performance survey of three typical examples. Based on the results of spatial effects, efficiency and benefits deriving from POE, it shows that the rehabilitation behavior of the elderly with healthy recovery take place in three types of space,particularly in the public halls. Most of the elderly actively participate in rehabilitating activities while their behaviors are affected by the caregivers’ organization, showing a distinct time-space aggregation difference. The cost-effectiveness of rehabilitation function is restricted by space and labor cost,likely to be optimized. The paper advocates for three spatial design strategies to optimize performance-optimal layout with nursing station as the axis of activities, integration of the rehabilitating function in public halls, and selection of effective rehabilitating equipment according to local conditions.