数据、档案及其共生演化的微观机理解析

The Interpretive Analysis on Micro Mechanism of Data,Archives and Their Symbiotic Evolution

从微观机理视角分析数据与记录因子的本质联系,构建档案的记录结构模型,探讨数据与档案的双轨共生机理和动态演化路径,对我国档案数据化实践提出若干建议。记录因子是逻辑上不可再分的独立记录单元。数据本质上是记录因子的结构化集合。档案具有原始记录性,其壳层结构模型由“记录核”“记录幔”“记录壳”“记录表”构成,“记录核”中的记录因子以隐性或非结构化形态存在。数据与档案分别处于“信息世界”和“机器世界”,是两种彼此相互依赖、共存互补的记录资源。数据与档案的演化分为“档案到档案”“档案到数据”“数据到数据”“数据到档案”四种路径,记录因子在“隐含态”“黏着态”“离散态”“集合态”“聚合态”之间动态变化。档案管理机构应当建立数据和档案双轮驱动的工作机制,开展记录因子抽取技术攻关,进行档案数据本体建设试点,推动国家层面档案数据资源中心协作网络的规划建设。

The essential relationship between data and record factors is analyzed from the perspective of micro mechanism in this paper.Then,the record structure model of archives is constructed,the dual track symbiosis mechanism and dynamic evolution path of data and archives are discussed.Finally,some suggestions for the practice of archives data transformation in China are put forward.Record factor is a logically indivisible independent recording unit.Data is essentially a structured set of recording factors.Archives are original historical records,and their shell structure model is composed of“recording core”,“recording mantle”,“recording shell”and“recording surface”,in which the record factors exist in recessive or unstructured form.Data and archives are two interdependent,coexisting and complementary recording resources in the“information world”and“machine world”respectively.The evolution of data and archives can be classified into four groups of“archives to archives”,“archives to data”,“data to data”and“data to archives”.Record factors are changing dynamically among state of“implicit state”,“adhesive state”,“discrete state”,“collective state”and“aggregate state”.Archives management institutions should establish a working mechanism driven by data and archives,tackle key problems in record factor extraction technology,carry out pilot construction of archival data ontology,and promote the planning and construction of“archives data resource center”cooperation network at the national level.