基于零售商资金约束供应链采用RFID技术的决策及融资分析

Equilibrium strategies of RFID adoption and financing in a supply chain with a capital-constrained retailer

为研究零售商存在资金约束和库存错放时,供应链成员采用无线射频识别(radio frequency identification,RFID)技术及融资决策的均衡问题,以单制造商和单资金约束零售商组成的两级供应链为研究对象,基于报童模型构建供应链成员采用RFID技术前后零售商是否融资4种情景下的收益模型,求解出相应的最优解并探讨供应链成员RFID采用决策与零售商的融资策略.研究发现:当零售商的自有资金适中时,供应链成员采用RFID技术一定程度上能够缓解零售商的资金约束;零售商选择融资时,供应链及其成员能够承担更高的RFID成本;零售商分摊RFID固定成本的比例对制造商、零售商和供应链能够承担的RFID标签成本阈值有决定性的影响.

This paper investigates the RFID adoption and financing strategies in a supply chain with one manufacturer and one capital-constrained retailer facing an inventory misplacement problem.Based on whether the supply chain players adopt RFID and the capital-constrained retailer chooses to finance or not,we use the Newsvendor model to establish four profit models.We derive the corresponding optimal order quantity,prices and profits under different scenarios,and explore the equilibrium strategy for the supply chain.It is found that when the retailer’s initial capital is moderate,adopting RFID technology can alleviate the retailer’s financial constraints.When the retailer chooses to finance,the supply chain and its players can afford a higher RFID tagging cost.In addition,the proportion of the retailer sharing RFID fixed cost has a decisive effect on the RFID tagging cost thresholds that the manufacturer,the retailer and the supply chain can afford.