3种不同类型佐剂的猪瘟E2基因工程亚单位疫苗免疫效果的比较研究

Comparative study on the immune effect of the classical swine fever E2 subunit vaccines prepared with three different types of adjuvants

为了筛选用于制备猪瘟E2基因工程亚单位疫苗的佐剂,用水佐剂、双相佐剂以及油包水佐剂分别制备了3种猪瘟E2基因工程亚单位疫苗,在猪上进行了免疫效果的评价。本试验选取4~5周龄猪瘟病毒病原、抗体阴性猪40头,随机分为8组,每组5头,其中3组用于3种不同佐剂制备的亚单位疫苗的单次免疫效果评价,3组用于疫苗的二次加强免疫效果评价,1组为商品化猪瘟活疫苗对照,1组为空白对照。免疫后进行临床观察、抗体水平监测和免疫效力评价,观察各组仔猪的不良反应情况。结果显示:3种不同类型佐剂制备的猪瘟E2基因工程亚单位疫苗接种猪后均无任何不良反应,均能诱导机体产生良好的中和抗体,油包水佐剂制备的疫苗与另外2种佐剂制备的疫苗相比,免疫空窗期短,免疫持续期长,中和抗体水平高,在临床使用上更具优势。本研究为商品化亚单位疫苗佐剂的选择提供了重要的数据支持。

In order to select a good adjuvant to prepare a subunit vaccine against the classical swine fever virus based on the E2 protein,three types of E2 genetically engineered subunit vaccines were prepared with water adjuvant,biphasic adjuvant and water-in-oil adjuvant,respectively.The immune effects of the vaccines were detested on pigs.In this experiment,404-5 week-old classical swine fever virus pathogens and antibody-negative pigs were selected,and were randomly divided into 8 groups with 5 pigs in each group,of which 3 groups were used for evaluating the single immunization effect of the subunit vaccines prepared with 3 different adjuvants,3 groups were used for the evaluation of the second booster immunization effect,1 group was the commercial swine fever vaccine control,and the 1 group was the blank control.After immunization,clinical observation,antibody level monitoring and immune efficacy evaluation were performed to observe the adverse reactions and antibody levels of each group of piglets.The results showed that the classical swine fever E2 subunit vaccines prepared by 3 different types of adjuvants did not have any adverse reactions after inoculation in pigs,and all of them could induce the body to produce good neutralizing antibodies levels.The water-in-oil adjuvant,compared with vaccines prepared by the other two adjuvants,had a short immune window period,a long duration of immunity,and a high level of neutralizing antibodies.It had more advantages in clinical application and provided important data support for the selection of adjuvants for commercial subunit vaccines preparation.