考虑多产消者差异化特征的社区微网系统P2P交易机制设计

Design of P2P Transaction Mechanism Considering Differentiation Characteristics of Multiple Prosumers in Community Microgrid System

随着分布式能源的大量接入和电力系统运行方式的逐渐转变,社区微网系统(community microgrid system,CMS)中用户已经从传统的消费者转变为具有电能生产/消费行为的产消者。在此背景下,通过引入点对点(peer to peer,P2P)能源交易机制,实现社区微网系统中的产消者自主能量管理以及自主竞价策略最终达成P2P能量交易。首先,考虑产消者的差异化特征,对CMS内部资源自主形成的4种典型类型的产消者进行整合和建模。然后,基于连续双边拍卖机制搭建了日前阶段多类型产消者P2P能量交易框架,各产消者考虑历史交易决策信息以个体利益最大为目标,并通过交互有限的信息,在产消者之间互相发起交易请求,实现CMS内产消者之间P2P能量交易。针对在交易过程中产消者可能出现的隐私性保护,提出基于多段报价机制的P2P竞价策略,既能降低交易方的信息暴露风险,又能减少单次竞价决策的风险度,保证产消者收益稳定。最后,通过算例验证文中设计的P2P交易机制能够有效保护产消者的交易隐私性的同时,提高其经济效益。

With the massive access of distributed energy and the gradual transformation of power system operation mode, users have changed from traditional consumers to prosumers with power production/consumption behavior in community microgrid system(CMS). Through introducing a peer-to-peer(P2P) energy trading mechanism, prosumers independent energy management and independent pricing strategy was achieved. Considering the differentiation characteristics of prosumers, four typical prosumers formed autonomously by CMS internal resources were modeled. Then,based on the continuous bilateral auction mechanism, the P2P energy trading framework of the day-ahead stage prosumer was built. Each prosumer considered the historical trading decision information to maximize their individual interests. Through the exchange of limited information, the prosumers initiate transaction requested with each other to realize the P2P energy transaction among prosumers in CMS. In order to protect the privacy of the prosumers in the transaction process, a P2P bidding strategy based on multi-stage bidding mechanism was proposed. It could not only reduce the information exposure risk of the prosumers, but also reduce the risk degree of single bidding decision, and ensure the stability of the income of prosumers. Finally, an example was given to verify that the designed P2P trading mechanism can effectively protect the transaction privacy of prosumers and improve its economic benefits.