家庭功能在哮喘患儿照顾者急救素养与心理健康间的中介效应

Mediating effect of family function between first aid literacy and mental health of caregivers of children with asthma

目的探讨家庭功能在哮喘患儿照顾者急救素养与心理健康之间的中介效应。方法本研究为横断面研究,采用便利抽样法,于2020年8月—2021年1月在青岛市某三级甲等医院儿童内科门诊招募350名哮喘患儿照顾者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、中国居民健康素养调查问卷中的安全与急救部分内容、家庭功能量表总体功能分量表、中文版心理健康问卷进行调查,采用结构方程模型分析家庭功能在急救素养与心理健康间的中介效应。本研究共发放问卷350份,有效问卷337份,问卷有效率为96.29%。结果337名哮喘患儿照顾者中文版心理健康问卷总分、急救素养和家庭功能量表总体功能分量表得分分别为(2.52±2.33)、(12.28±1.31)、(28.61±3.71)分。结构方程模型结果显示,急救素养可直接影响心理健康(β=0.542),还可以通过家庭功能的部分中介作用间接影响心理健康(β=0.239),家庭功能的中介效应占总效应的30.06%。结论急救素养是哮喘患儿照顾者心理健康的重要影响因素,家庭功能在哮喘患儿照顾者急救素养与心理健康间起部分中介作用。医护人员应重视急救素养和家庭功能,进而改善照顾者的心理健康。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of family function between first aid literacy and mental health of caregivers of children with asthma.Methods This study was a cross-sectional survey.From August 2020 to January 2021,convenience sampling was used to recruit 350 caregivers of children with asthma in the Pediatric Internal Medicine Clinic in a ClassⅢGrade A hospital in Qingdao.The survey was carried out using the General Information Questionnaire,the Safety and First Aid of the China Residents Health Literacy Questionnaire,the General Function Subscale of the Family Assessment Device,and the Chinese version of the General Health Questionnaire.Structural equation model was used to analyze the mediating effect of family function between first aid literacy and mental health.A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed,of which 337 were valid,with a valid rate of 96.29%.Results Among 337 caregivers of children with asthma,the total score of the Chinese version of the General Health Questionnaire,the scores of the first aid literacy and the General Function Subscale of the Family Assessment Device were(2.52±2.33),(12.28±1.31),and(28.61±3.71),respectively.Structural equation model showed that first aid literacy could directly affect mental health(β=0.542),and it could also indirectly affect mental health(β=0.239)through the partial mediating effect of family function,and the mediating effect of family function accounted for 30.06%of the total effect.Conclusions First aid literacy is an important factor affecting the mental health of caregivers of children with asthma.Family function plays a partial mediating role between first aid literacy and mental health of caregivers of children with asthma.Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to first aid literacy and family function to improve the mental health of caregivers.