2018—2021年上海市嘉定区规模猪场主要疫病抗体监测

Surveillance on Antibodies against Major Animal Diseases in Intensive Swine Farms in Jiading District of Shanghai City from 2018 to 2021

为了解上海市嘉定区规模猪场口蹄疫(FMD)、猪瘟(CSF)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、猪伪狂犬病(PR)和猪流行性腹泻(PED)等疫病的免疫及流行状况,对嘉定区现有的2个规模猪场2018—2021年的检测数据进行汇总分析。结果显示:嘉定区规模猪场FMD、CSF、PRRS、PR免疫抗体平均合格率分别为91.8%、84.7%、95.6%、95.9%,均超过了70%的国家合格线标准,而PED免疫抗体平均合格率仅为23.5%;FMD、CSF免疫抗体合格率呈逐年上升趋势,PRRS免疫抗体总体维持在较高水平,年度间差异不显著(P>0.05),PR呈先降低后升高趋势,而PED免疫抗体水平一直较低。FMD(NS)抗体均为阴性,PR(g E)抗体呈显著下降趋势(P<0.01),2021年感染抗体阳性率降至0。除CSF和PR外,种猪场的FMD、PRRS和PED免疫抗体水平整体高于商品猪场(P<0.05),而商品猪场PR(g E)抗体显著高于种猪场(P<0.01)。生产母猪5种疫病的免疫抗体合格率和PR(g E)感染抗体阳性率均高于育肥猪和后备母猪。结果表明:嘉定区规模猪场FMD、CSF、PRRS和PR的免疫抗体水平良好,FMD和PR净化效果明显,但PED未形成有效的免疫保护屏障;下一步将指导规模猪场优化PED免疫程序,提升生物安全水平,加大PR监测及净化力度,防止重大动物疫情发生。

In order to identify the status of immune and prevalence of foot-and-mouth disease(FMD),classical swine fever(CSF),porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS),porcine pseudorabies(PR)and porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED)in intensive swine farms in Jiading District of Shanghai City,the detection data during 2018 to 2021 collected from two farms in the region were summarized and analyzed.The results showed that the average qualifed rates of immune antibodies against FMD,CSF,PRRS and PR were 91.8%,84.7%,95.6%and 95.9%,respectively,all of which exceeded the minimum standard of 70%,while the rate of antibodies against PED was only 23.5%;the qualifed rates of antibodies against FMD and CSF tended to increase year by year;the antibodies against PRRS remained at a high level in general,with no signifcant diference for each year(P>0.05),those against PR decreased prior to increasing,and those against PED remained relatively low.The antibodies against FMD(NS)were negative,and those against PR(g E)tended to decrease(P<0.01),and the positive rate of infection antibodies decreased to 0 in 2021.Except CSF and PR,the immune antibody levels of FMD,PRRS and PED in breeding farms were generally higher than those in commercial farms(P<0.05),while those of PR(g E)in commercial farms were signifcantly higher than those in breeding farms(P<0.01).The qualifed rate of immune antibodies against fve diseases and the positive rate of infection antibodies against PR(g E)in productive sows were higher than those in fattening pigs and reserved sows.In conclusion,the antibody levels of FMD,CSF,PRRS and PR were good in intensive farms,but failed for PED;while the infection rate of wild virus of FMD and PR was low,and pig population was well purifed.Therefore,it was necessary to guide intensive farms to avoid any major animal diseases through optimizing PR immunization procedures,improving their bio-safety level and strengthening PR purifcation and monitoring.