元宇宙治理的法治原则

Legal Principles of Metaverse Governance

元宇宙在本质上是一个具有现实性的数字虚拟社会。作为在信息时代创造出来的新型虚拟社会,元宇宙通过"沉浸现实"和"数字孪生"等途径与现实物理社会发生互动,形成两个相互交叉的世界,并分别形成了法治、共治和自治三个基本治理逻辑。在纯粹的现实世界里,人们不仅应为元宇宙建设提供技术基础设施,还同时应用法治为元宇宙的有序发展提供制度基础设施。在现实世界与元宇宙交叉互动的交互层里,来自现实世界的制度规范和形成于虚拟世界的制度规范可以进行协作共治。在纯粹的虚拟世界里,则应由元宇宙进行独立自治。为了更好建设元宇宙以服务人类社会的需求,需确立如下几个治理元宇宙的法治原则:建构治理元宇宙的"法律+技术"二元规则体系;确立元宇宙治理中"以现实物理世界为本"的"法律中立原则";以现实世界的刚性法律确认并保障元宇宙"去中心化治理"机制的实现。

The Metaverse is essentially a realistic digital virtual society. As a new type of virtual society created in the information age, the Metaverse interacts with the real physical society through "immersive reality" and "digital twins", forming two interconnected worlds. Three basic governance logics of legal governance, co-governance and autonomy are formed. In the pure real world, people should not only provide technical infrastructure for the construction of the metaverse, but also apply the rule of law to provide institutional infrastructure for the orderly development of the metaverse. In the interactive layer of the cross-interaction between the real world and the metaverse, the institutional norms from the real world and the institutional norms formed in the virtual world can cooperate and co-govern.. In a purely virtual world, the Metaverse should be independent and autonomous. To better build the metaverse to serve the needs of human society, the following three principles of legal governance regulating the metaverse should be established. A dual rule system of "law + technology" to govern the metaverse should be constructed. The "Principle of Legal Neutrality" "based on the real physical world" in Metaverse governance should be established. We must confirm and guarantee the realization of the "decentralized governance" mechanism of the metaverse with the rigid laws of the real world.