数字人民币担保制度框架构建

A Proposed Framework for e-CNY Secured Transactions

目前,我国数字人民币已进入试运行阶段,数字人民币作为数字资产的典型代表,蕴含着巨大的社会财富,同时也代表了技术发展的方向。为数字人民币设立担保制度,兼具理论和实践意义。结合我国数字人民币发行的技术基础及发行流通体系,引入智能合约概念,完成数字人民币担保交易框架的搭建非常必要。数字人民币具有天然公示性,基于自身的技术基础使得其上信息不易被篡改和可溯源,这些技术保障了其上担保信息的安全,以技术手段维护了公示公信力。数字人民币发行体系中专门设有登记中心,用于登记数字人民币权属。同时依靠我国已经建立的较为发达的登记公示系统,能够赋予数字人民币担保物权公示公信力。数字人民币借助智能合约,将担保信息和债务人违约时担保物权的实现写入智能合约,在触发担保物权实现条件时,智能合约自动执行,使得担保物权人取得担保物的控制权,以此保证其安全性,以及实现的经济性和快捷性。

China has initiated the e-CNY pilot programs. As a typical form of digital assets,e-CNY will deliver huge social wealth and represents the development of digital economy.e-CNY is the digital version of CNY. To construct a framework of secured transaction of e-CNY is of both theoretical and practical significance. It is necessary to construct such a framework by introducing the concept of smart contract based on the technology infrastructure and circulation system of China’s e-CNY. e-CNY is naturally suitable for publicity. Based on its unique technology, the information therein can’t be easily tampered and is traceable. The technology ensures the safety of the information of security interests and maintains the publicity credibility by technical method. There is a special registration center in e-CNY issuance system to register the ownership of e-CNY. Meanwhile, due to the developed registration and publicity system in China, e-CNY gains the publicity credibility for its security interest through registration as well. The e-CNY could embed the information of security interests and the conditions for realizing security rights in the smart contract. Once the debtor defaults, these conditions will be triggered. The smart contract will be automatically executed, so that the creditor could control the collateral, and realize the security interest in a time-and cost-efficient manner.