三峡库区不同沉积土微生物多样性分析

Microbial Diversity of Different Sedimentary Soils in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

三峡库区微生物的变化影响淡水生态系统功能的发挥及人类健康,为探究三峡库区万州段不同沉积土微生物群落的多样性,于2018年3月对万州二桥两岸不同土样进行微生物调查,采用烘干法和重铬酸钾容量法对沉积土理化性质进行分析,采用平板稀释涂布法分析可培养微生物的数量,使用16S rDNA基因测序和构建系统进化树对沉积土微生物的群落组成及多样性进行评价。结果表明,不同沉积土的有机质含量存在差异,微生物数量表现为细菌>放线菌>真菌。通过生物信息学分析发现细菌多为假单胞菌属和不动杆菌属。为三峡库区的环境污染提供预警,对未来三峡库区生态环境的合理利用和治理具有重要意义。

The changes of microorganisms in the Three Gorges Reservoir area affect the function of freshwater ecosystems and human health.In March 2018,a microbiological investigation was conducted on different soil samples on both sides of the Wanzhou Second Bridge.The drying method and the potassium dichromate volumetric method were used to analyze the physical and chemical properties of the soil,the plate dilution coating method was used to analyze the number of cultivable microorganisms,the composition and diversity of soil microbial communities were analyzed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic trees.The results show that there are differences in the organic matter content of different sedimentary soils,and the number of micro-organisms ranks in the sequence of bacteria>actinomycetes>fungi.Bioinformatics analysis found that the bacteria were mostly Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter.Therefore,this study provides an early warning for environmental pollution in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and will play an important role in the rational use and management of the ecological environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir area in the future.