四川省甘孜州水土保持牧草资源现状及应用分析

Status and Development Countermeasures of Soil and Water Conservation Pasture Resources in Garze Prefecture,Sichuan Province

通过查阅文献、走访与路线踏勘,并结合植物群落样方调查等方法对甘孜州水土保持牧草种类组成与分布状况进行研究,探讨其区系特征及应用方式。结果表明,甘孜州水土保持牧草有11科28属120种,其中双子叶植物7科10属62种,单子叶植物3科17属57种,多年生植物占主导(96种)。有禾本科(Gramineae)、蓼科(Polygonaceae)、菊科(Compositae)、豆科(Leguminosae)4个优势科,蓼属(Polygonum)、蒿属(Artemisia)、羊茅属(Festuca)3个优势属。植物区系上,以温带与泛热带区系分布为主(占总属数的71.43%),且温带成分所占比例最大(46.43%),其次为泛热带成分(25.00%)。空间分布不均,种类在垂直方向以2000~3500 m最丰富,水平方向以东西部高山峡谷区最多。

Garze Prefecture is an important ecological protection area in the Yangtze River Basin and a key construction area for ecological animal husbandry in Northwest Sichuan.Its soil and water conservation pasture resources composition and current status are of great significance to the development of grassland ecological economy in the region.Based on library references,surveys,and field work,species and their distribution of the soil and water conservation pasture resources in Garze Prefecture were investigated.The areal types of the soil and water conservation pasture were counted,and the floristic characteristics were analyzed as well.Results showed that totally 120 species of soil and water conservation pasture belonged to 28 genera in 11 families were found in Garze Prefecture.There were 4 dominant families such as Gramineae,Polygonaceae,Compositae,Leguminosae,and 3 dominant genera such as Polygonum,Artemisia,Festuca in Garze Prefecture.The soil and water conservation pasture resources occupied 6 areal types,most of which were distributed in temperate and pan tropic zone(71.43%).The temperate ingredients accounted for the largest proportion(46.43%),followed by pan tropical ingredients(25.00%).The spatial distribution was extremely uneven,with the most species in the vertical direction with the elevation of 2000-3500 m,and in the horizontal direction the highest in the east and west alpine canyon.