南京雨花台区后头山唐墓发掘简报

The Excavation of Houtoushan Tombs of the Tang Dynasty in Yuhuatai District,Nanjing

后头山位于江苏省南京市雨花台区铁心桥街道尹西社区冯韦自然村。2016年,为配合基本建设,南京市考古研究所对后头山区域进行了全面勘探,发掘不同时期的墓葬和遗迹共28处,其中三座唐墓(编号M10~M12)排列整齐,形制与规模接近,应为一处家族墓地。墓葬皆为带斜坡墓道的近方形单室砖墓,坐北朝南,出土器物主要包括成套的釉陶俑及模型明器,另有少量青瓷器、陶器等。根据纪年铭文砖,初步判断这三座墓葬的年代为贞观十九年(645年)前后,墓主为毛氏。后头山唐墓的形制和随葬的釉陶俑群具有典型的北方特征,在南京地区尚属首次发现,为初唐时期南京政治地位的研究提供了重要线索。

Houtoushan is located in Fengwei Natural Village,Yinxi Community,Tiexinqiao Street,Yuhuatai District of Nanjing City.In 2016,to cooperate with capital construction,the Nanjing Municipal Institute of Archaeology conducted a comprehensive exploration of the Houtoushan area and excavated 28 tombs and remains of different periods,among which three tombs of the Tang Dynasty(numbered M10-M12)were well-arranged with similar structure and scale and determined as a family cemetery.The three tombs are all almost-square single-chamber brick tombs with ramp passages and facing south.Unearthed artifacts primarily include sets of glazed pottery figurines and funerary models,and some celadons and potteries.According to the chronological information found on inscribed bricks,the three tombs preliminarily judged dated to around the 19 th year of the Zhenguan Era(645 CE),and tomb owners are members of the Mao family.The tomb structure and the group of buried glazed pottery figurines of Houtoushan Tang Tombs contain typical characteristics of the northern region,which were first discovered in the Nanjing area,providing critical clues for studying Nanjing’s political status in the early Tang Dynasty.