清代闺秀才命观探析——以虞山地区女性为例

Views of Female Literatures in Qing Dynasty on the Relationship between Talent and Destiny——Taking the Women of Yushan Area as an Example

受中国传统命运观影响,有才华的男性文人常常会将自己的不得志归咎于"才命相妨"。随着明清女性文学的繁盛,才命观又在才女身上逐渐衍生出"才女命穷"的说法。然而,纵观清代闺秀的文学创作可以发现,她们虽然承认命运却不迷信命运,她们不仅用自己的力量温和地消解着男性话语体系中有关"才女命薄"的规训与束缚,还将"命"当作不幸的慰藉、社交的话术及反观自我生命状态的镜子,实现了女性在才命观上的突围。

Influenced by the traditional Chinese view of destiny, talented male interllectuals often blame their failure on the hindering of their talents to their fate. With the prosperity of female literature in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the concept of talent life gradually derived the saying "talented women have a miserable life". Looking at the literary works of talented women in Qing Dynasty, we can find that although they admit their fate, they do not believe in it. They not only use their own power to moderate the discipline and shackles in the male discourse system about "talented women have a miserable life", but also take "fate" as the comfort of misfortune, the social language and the mirror to reflect on their own life state, and realize the breakthrough in the view of talented women’s life and fate.