种植甘草对风沙土机械组成与养分的影响

Effects of Planting Glycyrrhiza uralensis on Mechanical Composition and Nutrients of Aeolian Sandy Soil

为阐明种植甘草对沙漠地区风沙土的改良效应,以库布齐沙漠阿木古龙甘草基地为研究对象,探讨了不同甘草种植年限下土壤机械组成与养分含量的变化及其二者的相关关系。结果表明:①随着甘草种植年限的增加,粉沙含量有显著增加的趋势(P<0.05),1年、2年和4年生甘草样地粉沙含量较裸地分别提高了1.08%、1.35%和4.01%;②4年生甘草样地土壤有机质、速效钾和速效磷含量较裸地分别增加了81.1%、67.0%和79.8%;在垂直剖面上,土壤养分含量总体上表现为随着土层深度的增加而降低;③甘草样地土壤有机质、速效钾、速效磷与黏粒呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.999、0.991和0.990,与中沙呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05)。沙漠地区种植甘草可提高风沙土中细小颗粒、有机质、速效钾和速效磷的含量,共同改善风沙土质量,增加土壤肥力,为今后沙区治理所采取的生物措施提供数据支撑。

In order to clarify the improvement effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.on aeolian sandy soil in Kubuqi desert,the changes of soil mechanical composition and nutrient content under different planting years were studied.The results showed that:①with the increase of planting years of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.,the silt content increased significantly(P<0.05),and compared with bare land,the silt content of 1-year-old,2-year-old and 4-year-old licorice increased by 1.08%,1.35%,4.01%,respectively;②the contents of soil organic matter,available potassium and available phosphorus increased by 81.1%,67.0%and 79.8%,respectively in land of 4-year-old Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.compared with bare land.In vertical section,soil nutrient content decreased with the increase of soil depth;③there was a significant positive correlation(P<0.01)between organic matter,available potassium,available phosphorus and clay of the licorice soil,the correlation coefficients were 0.999,0.991 and 0.990,respectively,and there was a significant negative correlation with medium sand(P<0.05).Planting Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.in desert area could increase the content of fine particles,organic matter,available potassium and phosphorus in aeolian sandy soil,jointly improve the quality of aeolian sandy soil,increase soil fertility,and provide data support for the biological measures that were taken in the future.