功能菌型复合肥减施对结球甘蓝产量、品质及经济效益的影响

Effects of Function Microbial Compound Fertilizer on Yield,Quality and Economic Benefit of Head Cabbage

为探讨功能菌型复合肥在蔬菜栽培上的应用效果,以结球甘蓝为试验材料,在露地和大棚两种种植环境下,设置不施肥(CK)、普通复合肥(CF,600 kg·hm^(-2))、功能菌复合肥1(BF1,600 kg·hm^(-2))、功能菌复合肥2(BF2,600 kg·hm^(-2))、功能菌复合肥1减量25%(25%BF1,450 kg·hm^(-2))、功能菌复合肥2减量25%(25%BF2,450 kg·hm^(-2))共6个处理,采用随机区组试验方法研究不同养分配比的功能菌型复合肥及施用量对结球甘蓝生长发育、产量、品质和经济效益的影响。结果表明,施肥和种植环境对结球甘蓝的产量、品质和经济效益均有显著效应(P<0.05),但二者交互效应不显著(P>0.05)。与CF处理相比,功能菌型复合肥处理的结球甘蓝产量增加2.0%~11.7%(露地)和11.1%~18.9%(大棚),经济效益增加1.4%~15.0%(露地)和13.1%~23.3%(大棚)。25%BF1和25%BF2处理较BF1和BF2经济效益分别增加2.0%~13.5%(露地)和3.3%~7.7%(大棚)。在2种种植环境下,功能菌型复合肥均能有效提高结球甘蓝的维生素C和可溶性糖含量,降低硝酸盐含量,有利于提高蔬菜的营养品质和食品安全,其中25%BF1和25%BF2处理效果更好,为绿色蔬菜增产提质、微生物菌肥高效合理施用与推广提供了科学依据。

In order to study the effects of functional bacterial compound fertilizer on vegetable cultivation,head cabbage was as materials and 6 treatments of fertilizer application were set,which included no fertilizer(CK),conventional fertilization(CF,600 kg·hm^(-2)),functional bacterial compound fertilizer 1(BF1,600 kg·hm^(-2)),functional bacterial compound fertilizer 2(BF2,600 kg·hm^(-2)),functional bacterial compound fertilizer 1 reduced 25%(25%BF1,450 kg·hm^(-2))and functional bacterial compound fertilizer 2 reduced 25%(25%BF2,450 kg·hm^(-2)).The growth,yield,quality and economic benefits of head cabbage under different fertilization treatments in open field and greenhouse were measured.The results showed that fertilization and planting environment had significant effects on the yield,quality and economic benefits,respectively(P<0.05),while their interacted effects were not significant(P>0.05).Compared with CF treatment,the yield of head cabbage under different treatments of functional bacterial compound fertilizer increased by 2.0%~11.7%(open field)and 11.1%~18.9%(greenhouse),and the economic benefits increased by 1.4%~15.0%(open field)and 13.1%~23.3%(greenhouse),respectively.Compared with BF1 and BF2 treatment,the economic benefits of 25%BF1 and 25%BF2 increased by 2.0%~13.5%(open field)and 3.3%~7.7%(greenhouse),respectively.And the contents of vitamin C and soluble sugar in head cabbage under different treatments of functional bacterial compound fertilizer effectively increased,and the nitrate contents decreased,which could be benefit of improving quality of vegetables and food security.25%BF1 and 25%BF2 treatments had better effects on the growth,yield,quality and economic benefits of head cabbage,which provided scientific basis for increasing yield and improving quality of green vegetables and efficient and reasonable application and popularization of microbial fertilizer.