小麦穗部性状和株高的QTL定位及育种标记开发和验证

Molecular mapping and validation of quantitative trait loci for spike-related traits and plant height in wheat

穗部性状和株高是小麦育种的重要指标。以扬麦13 (Yangmai 13,简称YM13)和CIMMYT引进种质人工合成小麦衍生系C615为亲本构建重组自交系群体为研究材料,基于小麦90K SNP芯片基因型数据,结合3个环境下表型结果,分别检测到1个每穗结实总小穗数、2个穗长、2个结实小穗着生密度和3个株高的位点。其中,每穗结实总小穗数位点QSN.yaas-3B与株高位点QPH.yaas-3B处于同一位置,穗长位点QSL.yaas-5A、结实小穗着生密度位点QSC.yaas-5A和株高位点QPH.yaas-5A处于同一位置,穗长位点QSL.yaas-6A和结实小穗着生密度的位点QSC.yaas-6A处于同一位置。比对结果显示QSN.yaas-3B/QPH.yaas-3B和QSL.yaas-6A/QSC.yaas-6A位点均未见报道。进一步将QSL.yaas-5A/QSC.yaas-5A/QPH.yaas-5A位点紧密连锁SNP标记转化为KASP标记QC615-5A-KASP,并在105份小麦品系中初步验证其育种效应。研究结果可为小麦产量相关性状分子育种提供参考。

Spike-related traits and plant height are important target traits in wheat breeding. In the present study, a population of 198 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from the cross between a CIMMYT wheat line C615 and Yangmai 13(YM13) was constructed, followed by genotyping with Wheat 90K SNP array and phenotyping of spike-related traits and plant height in three environments to excavate QTLs(quantitative trait loci) for these traits. Using composite interval mapping method, we identified one QTL for total spikelet number per spike(TSS), two QTLs for spike length(SL), two QTLs for spikelet compactness(SC), and three QTLs for plant height(PH). QSN.yaas-3B and QPH.yaas-3B overlapped on the chromosome 3B. QSL.yaas-5A,QSC.yaas-5A and QPH.yaas-5A overlapped on the chromosome 5A. QSL.yaas-6A and QSC.yaas-6A overlapped on the chromosome 6A. QSN.yaas-3B/QPH.yaas-3B and QSL.yaas-6A/QSC.yaas-6A had not been reported yet, and were likely to be novel loci.The SNP marker closely linked to QSL.yaas-5A/QSC.yaas-5A/QPH.yaas-5A was then converted into one Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP) marker(QC615-5A-KASP), and validated in a panel of 105 wheat lines. The results would be useful for improvement of yield related traits in wheat breeding.