纳米材料对厌氧氨氧化工艺的影响研究进展

Review on the Effect of Nanomaterials on Anammox Process

厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)作为一种新型的自养脱氮工艺,由于其不需要外加碳源、污泥产量少、运行费用低等一系列优势,被认为是一种高效、经济的污水生物脱氮工艺。而纳米材料(nanomaterials,NMs)作为21世纪最有前途的材料,其广泛应用不可避免地会使纳米颗粒释放到水体中,从而对厌氧氨氧化污水脱氮处理产生影响。选取了污水中含有的若干典型纳米材料,结合现有文献,从长短期影响、毒性机理、微生物的抗毒机制等角度综述纳米材料对厌氧氨氧化过程的影响,旨在全面分析不同类型的纳米材料对厌氧氨氧化过程的作用机制,为提升厌氧氨氧化脱氮效率提供参考依据。

As a new autotrophic nitrogen removal process,anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox) is considered to be an efficient and economical biological nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment due to its advantages of no additional carbon source,low sludge production and low operation cost.As the most promising material in the 21 st century,the widespread application of nanomaterials(NMs) will inevitably release nanoparticles into water,which will lead to impacts on the denitrification treatment of Anammox process.Combined with the existing related literature,several typical nanomaterials contained in wastewater are selected and the influence of nanomaterials on Anammox process is reviewed from the aspects of short-term and long-term effect,toxicity mechanism and anti-virus mechanism of microorganisms.The aim of this work is to achieve a better analysis of the interaction mechanism between nanomaterials and Anammox process,and provide reference for better denitrification efficiency.