镁肥在酿酒葡萄上的施用效果及经济效益研究

Study on application effect and economic benefit of magnesium fertilizer on wine grape

以7年生酿酒葡萄赤霞珠(Vitis vinifera L.Cabernet Sauvignon)为研究对象,在常规施肥的基础上分别设置5个喷施+滴施镁肥处理(S_(1)F_(1)、S_(2)F_(2)、S_(3)F_(3)、S_(4)F_(4)、S_(5)F_(5))和5个滴施镁肥处理(S_(6)F_(0)、S_(7)F_(0)、S_(8)F_(0)、S_(9)F_(0)、S_(10)F_(0)),探究不同施镁量和施镁方式对酿酒葡萄光合特性、产量品质以及经济效益的影响。结果表明,滴施和叶面喷施镁肥均能显著提高叶片的光合特性,改善葡萄浆果形态,提高果实产量,并促进浆果中可滴定酸、单宁、总酚和花色苷的积累,提升果实品质。其中,叶面喷施0.135%+滴施161.8 kg/hm^(2)镁肥和滴施323.7 kg/hm^(2)镁肥的产量较未施镁处理S_(0)F_(0)分别提高了23.8%和22.0%,经济效益提高了36.1%和32.8%。处理S_(3)F_(3)的经济效益最高,产投比最大,肥料利用率也更高,是该土壤条件下最佳的施镁措施。

Taking a 7-year-old wine grape“Cabernet Sauvignon”as the research object,the effects of different magnesium application rates and methods on the photosynthetic characteristics,yield,quality and economic benefits of wine grapes on the basis of conventional fertilization were explored in this study.Five spraying+dripping magnesium fertilizer treatments(S_(1)F_(1),S_(2)F_(2),S_(3)F_(3),S_(4)F_(4),S_(5)F_(5))and five dripping magnesium fertilizer treatments(S_(6)F_(0),S_(7)F_(0),S_(8)F_(0),S_(9)F_(0),S_(10)F_(0))were set up.The results showed that both the dripping and spraying application methods of magnesium fertilizer on the leaf significantly increased leaf photosynthetic characteristics,improved grape berries morphology,fruit production,promoted berries titratable acid,tannins,anthocyanins and total phenol accumulation,and improved the quality of fruits.Among them,the yield of the treatments of foliar spraying with a concentration of 0.135%+dripping 161.8 kg/hm^(2) magnesium fertilizer and dripping 323.7 kg/hm^(2) magnesium fertilizer increased by 23.8% and 22.0%,and the economic benefits increased by 36.1%and 32.8%,respectively,compared with non-magnesium treatment S_(0)F_(0).The S_(3)F_(3) had the highest economic benefit,the highest yield to investment ratio and the higher fertilizer utilization rate,which is the best magnesium application measure under the soil condition.