功能性离子液体在聚合物阻燃中的应用

Application of functionalized ionic liquid in flame retardant polymers

离子液体具有高热稳定性、不挥发和良好的溶解性,常作为绿色溶剂和催化剂使用。近年来,离子液体在聚合物阻燃中的应用呈增长趋势。综述了离子液体在聚合物中的阻燃应用研究与进展,重点阐述了离子液体阻燃的主要种类与合成、阻燃机理、作用方式以及在不同聚合物中的阻燃应用。离子液体催化成炭以及多元素协效的阻燃机理普遍被人们接受。就离子液体的发展趋势而言,无卤化以及与纳米阻燃剂复合化具有广阔的发展前景。凭借离子液体的阴阳离子可设计性将为新型阻燃剂的合成提供机会,拓宽离子液体的聚合物阻燃应用。

Ionic liquids with high thermal stability,non-volatility and good solubility are often used as green solvents and catalysts.Recently,the application of ionic liquids in flame retardant polymers is increasing.In this paper,the application and progress of ionic liquid as flame retardant in polymers are reviewed,including the main types,synthesis,mechanism,action mode and application of ionic liquid in different polymers.The catalytic carbonization of ionic liquid and multi-element synergy flame retardant mechanism are widely accepted.In terms of the future trend of ionic liquids,halogen-free and nano-flame retardant compounds show great potential in future.In addition,the designability of ionic liquids provides an opportunity for the synthesis of new flame retardants and broadens the application of polymer flame retardants by ionic liquids.