早期断奶饲喂代乳品对槐山羊羔羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响

Effect of early weaning on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indices of Huai goat lambs

试验研究槐山羊羔羊早期断奶饲喂代乳品对其生长性能、营养物质消化率和血清生化指标的影响。选取出生日龄相近,体重(2.60±0.12) kg的槐山羊羔羊60只,公、母各半,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复5只羊。对照组羔羊随母羊哺乳,试验组(A15组、B30组和C45组)羔羊分别于15、30和45日龄断奶饲喂代乳品。断奶15 d后测定羔羊生长性能和营养物质消化率。结果显示:与对照组相比,断奶15 d内,A15组和C45组羔羊体重、日增重显著降低(P<0.05),B30组羔羊体重、日增重显著升高(P<0.05),A15组、B30组羔羊采食量显著升高(P<0.05);A15组羔羊总能(GE)、粗脂肪(EE)、氮(N)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)的表观消化率以及B30组和C45组羔羊的干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、GE、EE、N、Ca和P的表观消化率均显著降低(P<0.05);A15组和C45组羔羊断奶15 d血清中的总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量显著降低(P<0.05);A15组和B30组羔羊断奶15 d时IgG含量显著升高(P<0.05);A15组羔羊断奶15 d时血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,早期断奶对槐山羊羔羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和部分生化指标产生不利影响,饲喂代乳品可以接近母乳消化率,建议30 d断奶作为槐山羊早期断奶的最佳时间。

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of early weaning on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical indices of Huai goats. Sixty Huai goat lambs with similar birthday age and body weight of(2.60±0.12) kg, half in male and female, were selected and divided into four groups with three replicates in each group and five lambs in each replicate. Lambs in control group were breast-fed with ewes, and lambs in test groups(A15 group, B30 group and C45 group) were fed with milk substitute after weaning at 15, 30, and 45 d, respectively.Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of lambs were measured after weaning at 15 d. The results showed that within 15 d of weaning, the body weight and daily gain of A15 group and C45 group lambs were significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05), while the body weight and daily gain of B30 group lambs were higher than that in control group(P<0.05). The feed intake of lambs in A15 group and B30 group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of energy(GE), ether extract(EE), nitrogen(N), calcium(Ca) and phosphorus(P) of lambs in A15 group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05), and the dry matter(DM), organic matter(OM), GE, EE, N, Ca and P of lambs in B30 group and C45 group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05). The content of TP and ALB in serum of lambs in A15 group and C45 group were significantly lower than those in control group at 15 d after weaning(P<0.05). At 15 d of weaning, IgG in A15 group and B30 group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05). The serum TNF-α content in A15 group was significantly higher than that in control group at 15 d after weaning(P<0.05). The study indicates that early weaning has adverse effect on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and some biochemical indexes of Huai goat lambs, and feeding high nutrient value dairy products can approach the digestibility of breast milk. It is suggested that 30 d weaning is the best time for early weaning of Huai goat lambs.