菌酶协同发酵中药饲料添加剂的工艺优化

Fermentation process optimization of traditional Chinese medicine feed additives by microbial enzyme

试验采用菌酶协同发酵方式发酵自选中药饲料添加剂,以中药发酵前、后上清液中粗多糖含量为指标确定发酵质量,通过单因素试验及正交试验对发酵菌种、酶制剂、发酵条件等发酵参数进行优化。试验通过单菌发酵、双菌发酵的方式筛选发酵菌种。结果显示:双菌发酵效果较好,枯草芽孢杆菌∶植物乳杆菌最佳比例为1∶9。在微生物发酵中药基础上添加纤维素酶、果胶酶,采取单酶发酵、双酶发酵的方式分别发酵中药。结果显示,双酶发酵效果较好,纤维素酶∶果胶酶最佳比例为3∶7,最佳酶添加量为150 U/g。通过正交试验对料液比、发酵温度、发酵时间、接菌量4种发酵条件优化。研究表明,最佳发酵条件为:料液比1∶1.2 g/mL、发酵温度35℃、发酵时间60 h、接菌量12%。此发酵工艺下,粗多糖含量为280.46 mg/g。

In the experiment, the self-selected Chinese medicine feed additive was fermented by co-fermentation of bacteria and enzymes. The content of crude polysaccharide in the supernatant of Chinese medicine before and after fermentation was used as the index to determine the fermentation quality. The fermentation parameters such as strain,enzyme preparation and fermentation conditions were optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test. The fermentation strains were screened by single fermentation and double fermentation. The results showed that the two-bacteria fermentation effect was better, and the optimal ratio of Bacillus subtilis∶Lactobacillus plantarum was 1∶9. Cellulase and pectinase were added on the basis of microbial fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine, and single enzyme fermentation and double enzyme fermentation were adopted to ferment traditional Chinese medicine. The results showed that the double enzyme fermentation effect was better, the optimal ratio of cellulase∶pectinase was 3∶7, and the optimal enzyme addition level was 150 U/g. Four kinds of fermentation conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment,including solid-liquid ratio, fermentation temperature, fermentation time and inoculation amount. The experiment indicates that the optimal fermentation conditions are solid-liquid ratio 1∶1.2 g/mL, fermentation temperature 35 ℃,fermentation time 60 h, inoculation amount 12%. Under the fermentation process, the crude polysaccharide content is280.46 mg/g.