燕麦β-葡聚糖对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖调节及妊娠结局影响的临床研究

Clinical Study which the Effect of Oatβ-Glucan on Blood Glucose Regulation and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:研究燕麦β-葡聚糖对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖调节及妊娠结局的影响。方法:选取2020年08月至2021年01月在本院产科门诊规律产检并确诊为GDM的孕妇,按照是否服用燕麦β-葡聚糖随机分为观察组和对照组,两组均采取医学营养治疗,观察组为自愿服用燕麦β-葡聚糖的患者,观察两组患者在不同时间段的空腹血糖变化以及胰岛素需求量、孕期BMI增加量、分娩方式、新生儿出生体重、母婴不良妊娠结局之间的差异。结果:两组患者观察期间平均空腹血糖水平整体呈下降趋势;两组患者在不同时间段空腹血糖水平的差异,治疗4周时P>0.05,治疗8周后P<0.05;观察组患者孕期BMI增加量(4.56±2.00 Kg/m^(2))显著低于对照组(5.34±2.21 Kg/m^(2),P<0.05);观察组患者剖宫产率(64.62%)低于对照组(70.77%),两组患者的剖宫产率、新生儿出生体重、胰岛素需求量无明显差异,P>0.05;两组患者的母婴不良围产期结局无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:燕麦β-葡聚糖可以降低妊娠期糖尿病患者的空腹血糖水平,控制孕期体重增长的同时不影响胎儿正常的生长发育,对母婴不良妊娠结局无改善作用,不会产生除已知结局之外的其他不良结局。

Objective:To study the effect of oatβ-glucan(OBG)on blood glucose regulation and pregnancy outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:The pregnant women with GDM diagnosed by regular obstetrics in the obstetrics clinic of our hospital from August 2020 to January 2021 were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to whether they took OBG.Both groups were treated with medical nutrition,and the observation group was took OBG voluntarily.The changes of fasting blood glucose at different time periods,and the differences in insulin requirement,increase in BMI during pregnancy,delivery method,newborn birth weight,and adverse pregnancy outcomes between the two groups were observed.Results:The average fasting blood glucose levels of the two groups of patients showed an overall downward trend during the observation period.The difference in fasting blood glucose levels at different time periods between the two groups was P>0.05 after 4 weeks of treatment,and P<0.05 after 8 weeks of treatment.The increase of BMI during pregnancy in the observation group(4.56±2.00 Kg/m^(2))was significantly lower than that of the control group(5.34±2.21 Kg/m^(2),P<0.05);the cesarean section rate in the observation group(64.62%)was lower than that in the control group(70.77%),the difference between the two groups in cesarean section rate,newborn birth weight and insulin requirement was P>0.05;there was no significant difference in the adverse perinatal outcome between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:OBG can reduce the fasting blood glucose level of patients with GDM,control the weight gain during pregnancy without affecting the normal growth and development of the fetus,has no effect on adverse pregnancy outcomes,and will not produce other adverse outcomes other than the known ones.