中国电影海外传播内容特征与国家形象建构——结合北美主流媒体影评的考察

The Content Features of Overseas Dissemination of Chinese Films and the Construction of National Image:Combined with the Investigation of Film Reviews of Mainstream Media in North America

电影凭借其广泛的传播力与深远的影响力成为国家形象的重要载体,电影的海外传播情况在很大程度上影响着其他国家对该国国家形象的认知。根据内容特征分类,目前中国向海外传播的电影主要分为四类:古装与奇幻类、变迁中的中国与社会问题类、爱情与喜剧类、新主流电影类,向海外观众分别呈现了充满想象的奇观中国,变迁中的现实中国,浪漫的爱情中国与轻快的喜剧中国,以及崛起的负责任中国等形象。伴随着综合国力的提高,中国电影海外传播内容日趋多元,然而审视海外媒体对中国电影的评价,问题仍旧明显。除了电影自身的创作短板,中国电影在海外的接受依旧面临刻板成见,难以脱离单一意识形态批评的路径。如何讲好中国故事,传播好中国声音,向世界展示立体而丰富的中国形象是中国电影海外传播需解决的重要问题。

With its unique charm and characteristics of wide dissemination,films have incomparable advantages in the construction and dissemination of national image over other mass media.A country’s power of overseas dissemination is directly related to the construction of its national image,and is closely related to its national interests,national security and national culture.This study mainly determines the major film samples based on the North America box office ranking,and takes the relevant film reviews of mainstream media in North America as the object of analysis.It is found that the current overseas dissemination of Chinese films mainly tends towards the genre of traditional Kung Fu and martial arts set in ancient China,and is biased towards the Chinese social political or lowerclass group life genre,as well as the romantic comedy and pan military(patriotic)genres against China’s current background,so as to identify the evaluation of overseas film critics,sort out the correspondingly shaped images of different countries,and then provide a basis for reflection on the overseas dissemination of Chinese films,with a view to providing suggestions for the enhancement of the overseas dissemination power of Chinese films and the active construction of China’s national image.